样例学习用于化学符号技能教学的实践研究——直链烷烃系统命名的学习  

Practical Research on Using Example Learning in Teaching Chemical Symbol Skills:Naming of Straight-Chain Alkane

作　　者：陈俊杰 李佳[2] 陈红[3] 林雅晨 CHEN Jun-Jie;LI Jia;CHEN Hong;LIN Ya-Chen(Huangyan High School,Taizhou 318020,China;Central China Normal University,Institute of Chemical Education,Wuhan 430079,China;Tiantai High School,Tiantai 317200,China)

机构地区：[1]台州市黄岩中学,浙江台州318020 [2]华中师范大学化学教育研究所,湖北武汉430079 [3]浙江省天台中学,浙江天台317200

出　　处：《化学教育（中英文）》2024年第9期61-65,共5页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

基　　金：教育部教育考试院“十四五”规划支撑专项课题“新时代教育评价改革背景下中小学教师评价素养测评研究”(NEEA2021086)。

摘　　要：以普通高中高一年级学生为研究对象,研究样例学习中采用正误样例学习、提升正误样例变异性对学生测验成绩和认知负荷的影响。实验结果表明:高变异正误样例组的测验总成绩显著高于正确样例组;在近迁移测验中,采用正误样例学习、提高正误样例变异性无法显著提高测验成绩;在远迁移测验中,高变异正误样例组测验成绩显著提升;正误样例学习相比正确样例学习可以有效降低学习认知负荷。建议在化学符号技能教学中采用高变异正误样例学习,可有效提升学生测验成绩;积极采用正误样例学习降低学生认知负荷。Taking senior one student as the research object,this paper studies the effects of using true or false sample learning and improving the variability of true or false sample learning on students’test scores and cognitive load.The results show that the total test score of the highvariation true-error sample group is significantly higher than that of the correct sample group.In the near transfer test,learning with true or false samples and increasing the variability of true or false samples have no effect on test scores.In the remote migration test,the test scores of the high-variance true-error sample group are significantly improved;Compared with correct sample learning,true-error sample learning can effectively reduce learning cognitive load.It is recommended to use high variability examples in teaching chemical symbol skills,which can effectively improve students’test scores;Actively use examples of correct and incorrect learning to reduce cognitive load on students.

关 键 词：正误样例学习 正误样例变异性 测验成绩 认知负荷 

分 类 号：G633.8[文化科学—教育学]