国际生成式人工智能教育应用与省思  

Development and Reflection on International Generative Artificial Intelligence Application in Education

作　　者：王雯 李永智 WANG Wen;LI Yongzhi(China National Academy of Educational Sciences,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]中国教育科学研究院,北京100088

出　　处：《开放教育研究》2024年第3期37-44,共8页Open Education Research

基　　金：2022年度国家社科基金青年项目“数字化转型背景下职业教育适应性人才培养模式研究”(22CGL046)。

摘　　要：生成式人工智能日益成为未来教育变革的最大变量。调研发现,当前生成式人工智能在教育政策、学术研究、行业发展和教育实践应用等维度发生转向。各国政府、相关组织相继出台政策,全球很多院校从禁止生成式人工智能逐步转向指导性应用;国内外学界日益关注生成式人工智能对教育的影响和潜在风险;市场应用在教育类型、学科覆盖等方面呈现多元化的发展趋势。长远来看,生成式人工智能将推动现有产业组织形态、用工模式、用工理念发生根本性变化,进而重构人才培养目标、重塑教育形态、赋能科学评价。生成式人工智能的“生成幻觉”问题,潜在的意识形态和伦理风险,师生之间的信任危机,以及对教育公平的新挑战不容忽视。我国应以提高师生人工智能素养作为应用前提,以跨学科、有组织的国产研发破解应用难点,以更严格的政策约束确保应用安全。同时,为避免造成新的数字鸿沟与教育不公平,应建立统一研发标准,降低应用成本,通过接入国家智慧教育平台,最终实现全体师生共享普惠优质的生成式人工智能教育应用带来的发展红利。Generative Artificial Intelligence is a huge variable in the transformation of education.The research found that the current generative AI is undergoing a shift in educational policy,academic research,industry development and practical application.Generative AI,which promotes fundamental changes in the industrial organization,employment models,and employment concept,redefines the talent training goals and reshapes the form of education models and paradigms,while empowering scientific evaluation.However,the"generative illusion"of generative AI,the potential ideological and ethical risks,the crisis of trust between teachers and students,and the new challenges to educational equity are major challenges that should not be ignored.China should enhance the AI literacy of teachers and students as a prerequisite for application,diffuse its applications in interdisciplinary fields of education,research,and development while ensuring the safety of people with guiding policies and regulations.To avoid creating a new digital divide and educational inequality,it is recommended to establish authoritative research and development standards,to reduce application costs,and finally to achieve the development dividends by inclusive and high-quality generative AI education applications for all teachers and students through the national smart education platform.

关 键 词：生成式人工智能 教育数字化 国际趋势 

分 类 号：G434.4[文化科学—教育学]