考虑轨道不平顺激励的轴箱轴承振动特性分析  

Analysis on Vibration Characteristics of Axle Box Bearings Considering Track Irregularity Excitation

作　　者：吕银辰 廖爱华[1] 师蔚[1] 胡定玉[1] LYU Yinchen;LIAO Aihua;SHI Wei;HU Dingyu(School of Urban Railway Transportation,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学城市轨道交通学院,上海201620

出　　处：《轴承》2024年第6期16-24,共9页Bearing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(12274282);上海市地方院校能力建设项目(20030501000)。

摘　　要：轴箱轴承在运行工况下的振动特性对于保障行车安全具有重要意义。首先,基于Ansys与Simpack联合仿真平台,分别建立了轨道-车辆系统动力学模型和考虑外圈局部故障的轴承座-轴承有限元模型;其次,对动力学模型施加轨道不平顺激励,输出轴箱径向载荷作为有限元模型的外载荷;然后,将仿真值与理论值进行对比,证明了所建立的轴箱轴承联合仿真模型的有效性;最后,基于此模型分析了轨道不平顺激励时不同宽度故障以及不同故障边缘对轴承振动特性的影响。结果表明:随着故障宽度的增加,轴箱轴承整体振动加速度RMS逐渐变大,故障冲击的幅值以及包络谱的特征能量值先增大后减小;随着故障边缘平缓程度的增加,轴箱轴承整体振动加速度RMS值、故障冲击的幅值以及包络谱的特征能量值逐渐降低;轨道不平顺激励增加了轴承的振动。The vibration characteristics of axle box bearings under operating conditions are of great significance to ensure train working safety.Firstly,based on co-simulation platform of Ansys and Simpack,the dynamic model of track-vehicle system and the finite element model of housing-bearing considering local fault of outer ring are established respectively.Secondly,the track irregularity excitation is applied to dynamic model,and the radial load of axle box is output as external load of finite element model.Then,the simulation value is compared with theoretical value,proving the validity of co-simulation model.Finally,based on the model,the influence of different fault widths and different fault edges on vibration characteristics of the bearings under track irregularity excitation is analyzed.The results show that:with the increase of fault width,the RMS value of overall vibration acceleration of the bearings increases gradually,the amplitude of fault impact and the characteristic energy value of envelope spectrum first increase and then decrease;with the increase of gentleness degree of fault edge,the RMS value of overall vibration acceleration of the bearings,the amplitude of fault impact and the characteristic energy value of envelope spectrum decrease gradually;the track irregularity excitation increases the vibration of the bearings.

关 键 词：滚动轴承 铁路轴箱轴承 双列圆柱滚子轴承 变载荷 受迫振动 振动加速度 工程仿真 

分 类 号：TH133.332[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] U270.1[机械工程—车辆工程]