基于转录组学探究高糖饮食诱导秀丽线虫衰老的分子机制  

Transcriptomic Analysis of the Molecular Mechanism for High-Glucose Diet-Induced Aging of Caenorhabditis elegans

作　　者：李蓉[1] 徐艳[1] 缪园欣 陶明芳 LI Rong;XU Yan;MIAO Yuanxin;TAO Mingfang(Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology,Jingchu University of Technology,Jingmen 448000,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Nutritional Quality and Safety of Agro-products,Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Detection Technology,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064,China)

机构地区：[1]荆楚理工学院农业生物技术研究所,湖北荆门448000 [2]湖北省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所,农产品营养品质与安全湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430064

出　　处：《食品科学》2024年第11期24-30,共7页Food Science

基　　金：湖北省科技厅重点研发计划项目(2022BCE057);荆楚理工学院特色花卉生物育种湖北省工程中心项目(2023ZD006);荆楚理工学院博士启动金项目(YY202403);湖北省农业科学院青年科学基金项目(2024NKYJJ30)。

摘　　要：为了揭示高糖饮食对衰老影响的分子机制,利用转录组学技术探究高糖饮食对秀丽线虫体基因表达谱的影响。结果表明,高糖饮食造成线虫体内4183个基因表达发生显著变化。此外,基因本体论富集分析表明,高糖处理后线虫差异表达基因在衰老、未折叠蛋白反应、压力应激响应、自噬、转移酶活力、催化酶活力、热休克蛋白连接等方面显著富集。京都基因与基因组百科全书富集分析表明,差异表达基因在线虫寿命调节途径、自噬调节、丙酮酸代谢、FOXO信号通路、糖酵解/糖异生、谷胱甘肽代谢、转化生长因子-β信号通路也显著富集。通过对相关差异基因表达进行验证,发现高糖会上调胰岛素信号通路相关基因和糖脂代谢相关基因的表达,下调热应激抗性和抗氧化调控相关基因的表达。本研究结果可为深入阐释高糖饮食对寿命及代谢影响的分子机制提供理论依据。The aim of this study was to uncover the molecular mechanism for high-sugar diet-induced aging of Caenorhabditis elegans.Changes in the gene expression profile of C.elegans induced by a high-glucose(HG)diet were explored by transcriptomics.The results showed that the expression of 4183 genes in C.elegans significantly changed after HG diet consumption.In addition,Gene Ontology(GO)enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed genes(DEGs)induced by HG diet treatment were significantly enriched in aging,unfolded protein binding,response to stress,autophagy,transferase activity,catalytic activity,and heat shock protein binding.Moreover,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analysis revealed that the DEGs were also significantly enriched in longevity regulation of C.elegans,autophagy regulation,pyruvate metabolism,the forkhead box O(FOXO)signaling pathway,glycolysis/gluconeogenesis,glutathione metabolism,and the transforming growth factor-βsignaling pathway.Furthermore,we found that high-glucose diet up-regulated the expression of DEGs involved in the insulin/IGF-1 signaling(IIS)pathway and of DEGs associated with glycolipid metabolism,and down-regulated the expression of DEGs related to heat stress resistance and antioxidant regulation.This study provides a theoretical basis for further elucidation of the molecular mechanism underlying the effects of HG diet on the longevity and metabolism of C.elegans.

关 键 词：高糖饮食 秀丽隐杆线虫 转录组学 衰老 

分 类 号：TS201.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]