利用生物阻抗无损测定养殖活大黄鱼组分  

Non-destructive Determination of Body Composition of Cultured Live Large Yellow Croaker by Bioimpedance

作　　者：李增蔚 陆晶红 余梦海 吴杰 杨敏 梁艳 邓尚贵 袁鹏翔 LI Zengwei;LU Jinghong;YU Menghai;WU Jie;YANG Min;LIANG Yan;DENG Shanggui;YUAN Pengxiang(College of Food and Pharmacy,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316000,China;Department of Ocean Engineering,Zhoushan Technician College,Zhoushan 316000,China;College of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Ningbo University of Technology,Ningbo 315000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学食品与药学学院,浙江舟山316000 [2]舟山技师学院海洋工程学院,浙江舟山316000 [3]宁波工程学院机械与汽车工程学院,浙江宁波315000

出　　处：《食品科学》2024年第10期281-289,共9页Food Science

基　　金：舟山市公益类计划项目(20210152);浙江省自然科学基金项目(LQ22C200014)。

摘　　要：针对养殖活大黄鱼组分极难检测问题,通过测定和分析活大黄鱼背、腹部肌肉2、5、20、50、100kHz阻抗和蛋白质、脂肪、水分等关键组分之间的关系,建立利用2kHz低频阻抗无损评估活鱼蛋白质和水分含量、利用100kHz高频阻抗无损评估活鱼脂肪含量的最佳函数模型(r=0.830~0.922,P<0.001),并通过实验验证了预测模型的准确性(r≥0.900)。通过分析活大黄鱼组分、肌肉微观结构、阻抗之间的相关性发现:肌纤维平均面积随蛋白质含量增多及水分含量减少而增加,并与2kHz阻抗呈正相关;肌纤维密度、细胞胞外间隙面积随着蛋白质含量增多及水分含量减少而减少,并与2kHz阻抗呈负相关;脂肪细胞直径、体积随脂肪的沉积而增加,并与100kHz阻抗有显著回归关系。该研究实现了利用生物阻抗无损、快速评估养殖活大黄鱼的脂肪、蛋白质、水分等组分,并明确了阻抗预测活鱼组分的内在原因,可帮助养殖企业实现定向养殖,并有利于消费者定向选择最优产品。The body composition of cultured live large yellow croaker(Pseudosciaena crocea)is extremely difficult to detect.In order to solve this problem,we analyzed the relationship between the impedance measured at 2,5,20,50,100 kHz for the dorsal and ventral muscles of live large yellow croaker and their key components(protein,fat and moisture).The optimal models(r=0.830–0.922,P<0.001)for non-destructive evaluation of the muscle protein and water contents as well as the fat content in live fish was established using the impedance at 2 and 100 kHz frequencies,and their accuracy was verified by experiments(r≥0.900).The correlation among muscle composition,microstructure and impedance indicated that the average area of muscle fiber increased with increasing protein content and decreasing moisture content and was positively correlated with the impedance at 2 kHz;in contrast,the density of muscle fiber and the area of extracellular space decreased with increasing protein content and decreasing moisture content and was negatively correlated with the impedance at 2 kH.The diameter and volume of adipocytes increased with the deposition of fat,and had a significant relationship with the impedance at 100 kHz.This study can rapidly evaluate the composition of fat,protein,water and so on of cultured live large yellow croaker by using biological impedance,and clarify the internal reasons for predicting the composition of live fish by impedance.The findings of this study can help aquaculture enterprises with targeted breeding and and help consumers to choose the optimal products.

关 键 词：活鱼 生物阻抗 组分 无损检测 

分 类 号：TS254.7[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]