不同粗饲料间组合效应及肉牛育肥效果研究  

Combination Effect and Fattening Effect of Different Coarse Feeds

作　　者：王蕾[1] 丁军莉 刘基伟[1] 栾博宇[1] 张国梁[1] 秦立红 翟博[1] 李旭[1] WANG Lei;DING Junli;LIU Jiwei;LUAN Boyu;ZHANG Guoliang;QIN Lihong;ZHAI Bo;LI Xu(Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun Jilin,130033,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院,吉林长春130033

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2024年第5期13-23,共11页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：农业农村部肉牛遗传育种重点实验室;吉林省畜牧局良种工程项目;国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0501802)。

摘　　要：为研究玉米秸秆、羊草和玉米秸秆青贮不同粗饲料间组合效应及肉牛育肥效果。试验利用体外发酵分别测定玉米秸秆与玉米秸秆青贮、羊草与玉米秸秆青贮以不同比例组合的产气量、干物质消失率、pH、微生物蛋白、氨态氮、挥发性脂肪酸,计算各组合的单项组合效应值和综合组合效应值,结合前期试验设计试验配方,并进行育肥试验。结果表明,(1)玉米秸秆∶玉米秸秆青贮为40∶60时产生最佳正组合效应。(2)羊草∶玉米秸秆青贮为60∶40时产生最佳正组合效应。(3)育肥试验三组平均日增重均随着饲养时间的增加呈现不同程度的增长,但饲养后期增长速度比饲养前期和中期有所降低,全期平均日增重试验Ⅰ组、Ⅲ组极显著高于Ⅱ组(P<0.01)。全期饲料转化率试验Ⅰ组、Ⅲ组显著高于Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。试验Ⅲ组经济效益极显著高于Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组(P<0.01)。综上,不同粗饲料间组合在肉牛育肥及经济效益上取得了较好的效果,其中以羊草+玉米秸秆+玉米秸秆青贮组合粗饲料的试验Ⅲ组效果最好,更好的发挥了肉牛的生产性能,提高了营养物质消化率,降低饲料成本,经济效益最好。To study the combination effect and fattening effect of corn stalk,Leymus chinensis and corn stalk silage,in vitro fermentation was used to measure the gas production,dry matter loss,pH,microbial crude protein,ammonia nitrogen and volatile fatty acids of corn stalk and corn stalk silage,Leymus chinensis and corn stalk silage in different proportions,the single combination effect value and comprehensive combination effect value of each combination were calculated.Combining the results of this experiment with those of the previous experiments,the experimental formulation was designed and the fattening test was carried out.The results showed that:(1)when the ratio of corn stalk to corn stalk silage was 40∶60,the best positive combination effect was produced.(2)When the silage ratio of Leymus chinensis to corn stalk is 60∶40,the best positive combination effect was produced.(3)The average daily gain of three groups in fattening experiment increased with the feeding time to different degrees,but the growth rate in late feeding stage was lower than that in early and middle feeding stage,and the average daily gain of group Ⅰ and Ⅲ in the whole period was significantly higher than that of group Ⅱ(P<0.01).The feed conversion rate of group Ⅰ and group Ⅲ during the whole period was significantly higher than that of group Ⅱ(P<0.05).The economic benefit of experimental group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ(P<0.01).In a word,different roughage combinations have achieved good results in fattening and economic benefits,among which the experimental group Ⅲ of Leymus chinensis+corn stalk+corn stalk silage combination roughage has the best effect,which better exerts the production performance of beef cattle,improves the digestibility of nutrients,reduces the feed cost and has the best economic benefits.

关 键 词：组合效应 体外发酵 育肥效果 

分 类 号：S823.6[农业科学—畜牧学]