过氧化氢催化分解反应装置的改进与实验内容的优化拓展  

Device Improvement and Content Optimization for the Experiment of Catalytic Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide

作　　者：邵松雪 侯鑫龙 郝鹏鹏 沈海云[1] 邱丽娟 王雨楠 王思璐 朱莉娜[1] SHAO Song-Xue;HOU Xin-Long;HAO Peng-Peng;SHEN Hai-Yun;QIU Li-Juan;WANG Yu-Nan;WANG Si-Lu;ZHU Li-Na(National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Education,Department of Chemistry,College of Science,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China;Tianjin RenAi College,Tianjin 301636,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学理学院化学系,天津大学化学化工国家级实验教学示范中心,天津300350 [2]天津仁爱学院,天津301636

出　　处：《化学教育（中英文）》2024年第10期29-35,共7页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

基　　金：2022年天津仁爱学院-天津大学教师发展基金合作项目(FZ223002)。

摘　　要：过氧化氢催化分解反应是经典的化学动力学实验,目前主要采用量气法测定过氧化氢分解反应的速率常数和半衰期。在分析总结现有实验装置不足的基础上,设计与改进了实验装置并应用于本校本科实验教学,改进装置获得国家实用专利授权。改进后,实验结果的准确性和重现性显著提高,重复操作与药品损失减少,实验成本降低,遵循绿色化学理念。同时,应用改进后的实验装置能够实现以初始速率法探究FeCl3催化过氧化氢分解反应的动力学特征,精确测定FeCl3催化过氧化氢分解反应级数、反应速率常数和活化能,拓展了过氧化氢催化分解反应的传统实验内容和实验方法,实现了对学生探究性思维和方法的高阶培养目标。The catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide is a classical dynamic experiment.At present,the reaction rate constant and half-life are determined according to the method of measuring the gas volume.Based on analysis and summary of now existing deficiency,a new experimental device which is authorized by national practical patent has been innovatively designed and applied in undergraduate experiment course.Compared with original device,the accuracy and reproducibility are improved significantly,repetitive operation and reagents loss are reduced,experimental cost is saved.It follows the concept of green chemistry.In addition,the improved device can be applied to explored the dynamic characteristics of the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by FeCl;under the principle of initial rate method.The reaction order,rate constant and activation energy could be measured accurately.It not only extends the traditional content and method of experiment,but also achieves the high-order training objectives of inquiry thinking and method.

关 键 词：装置创新与改进 过氧化氢分解反应动力学 初始速率法 探究性实验 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学] O643.1-4[文化科学—教育学]