溯源辨析Tolman活化能解释及其在部分化学教材中的误解  

Historical Analysis on Tolman'Explanation of Activation Energy and Some Misinterpretations of in Chemistry Textbooks

作　　者：郑超 ZHENG Chao(College of Material Science and Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学材料科学与工程学院,重庆400074

出　　处：《化学教育（中英文）》2024年第10期115-122,共8页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

基　　金：教育部产学合作协同育人项目(2206048);国家自然科学基金青年基金(51903024)。

摘　　要：Tolman活化能解释被国内各个层次化学教材广泛引用和介绍,然而部分教材对其表述存在明显分歧,凸显出相关教材编写过程中对Tolman活化能解释的溯源认知不足。通过溯源关键历史文献,回顾了Tolman活化能解释提出的历史背景,从推导逻辑、基本假设和主要结论等方面简单介绍Tolman活化能解释,从科学史的角度总结Tolman活化能解释的科学价值,对现行主流教材中Tolman活化能解释表述进行了辨析。Tolman's explanation of activation energy is widely referenced and discussed in various levels of chemistry textbooks in China.However,there are clear discrepancies in how it is presented in these textbooks,highlighting a lack of consistent and comprehensive understanding in Tolman's explanation of activation energy during textbook development process.This article aims to address this issue by tracing key historical literature.It provides an overview of the historical context in which Tolman'explanation of activation energy emerged.Meanwhile it briefly introduces Tolman'explanation of activation energy from aspects such as deductive logic,fundamental assumptions,and main conclusions.From the perspective of the history of science,it summarizes the scientific value of Tolman'explanation of activation energy and provides an analysis of its presentation in current mainstream textbooks.

关 键 词：托尔曼 活化能 阿伦尼乌斯公式 化学史 统计力学 

分 类 号：O643.1-4[理学—物理化学] G642[理学—化学]