二十世纪中国教育良知论的百年回溯与现实镜鉴  

The Centennial Retrospection and Realistic Enlightenment of Chinese Educational Conscience Theory in the 20 th Century

作　　者：马进 卢昱 MA Jin;LU Yu(School of Teacher Education,Huzhou University,Huzhou 313000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院教师教育学院,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《湖州师范学院学报》2024年第5期43-51,共9页Journal of Huzhou University

基　　金：教育部政策法规司委托课题“1921-1949年党的教育理论发展、实践及历史影响研究”(JYBZFS2019112)。

摘　　要：良知是中国传统哲学的重要概念之一,作为教育的基础具有重要的价值。回溯二十世纪中国教育良知论,其思想以传统良知论为历史根基,孟子的“良知良能说”体现了道德教育的先验基础,王阳明的“致良知说”指明了主体教育的实践方向,而熊十力的“良知呈现说”阐释了良知论在生命教育中的可能性。基于此历史基础,二十世纪中国教育良知论的内蕴表现为“完满人格的教育践履、达济天下的仁爱之心和矢志报国的教育信念”,同时,在理论逻辑、实践逻辑、价值逻辑上表现出“源于求真尚善的传承接续,基于时代使命的现实召唤,终于润己泽人的生命关怀”的逻辑理路。纵观二十世纪中国教育良知论,其在“成己与立志、规范与德性、觉知与信仰”等方面给予现代教育重要的镜鉴意义,有助于促进现代教育良知论的发展。Conscience is one of the important concepts in traditional Chinese philosophy,which has important value as the foundation of education.Looking back to the educational conscience theory in the 20 th century in China,its thoughts are based on the traditional conscience theory.Mencius’“innate knowledge and innate ability”reflects the transcendental basis of moral education;Wang Yangming’s“bringing conscience to life”points out the practical direction of subjective education;and Xiong Shili’s“theory of conscience presentation”explains the possibility of conscience theory in life education.Based on this historical foundation,the connotation of Chinese educational conscience theory in the 20 th century embodies“educational practice of perfect personality,the benevolent commitment to the society,and the educational conviction of serving the country”.Simultaneously,in the logic of theory,practice and value,it shows the logical path of“continuation of the pursuit of truth and the good,realistic call based on the mission of the times,and life care that nurtures oneself and benefits others”.The theory of conscience in education in China in the 20 th century provides significant insights into modern education regarding“self-realization and determination,norms and virtues,awareness and beliefs”,thereby facilitating the advancement of conscientiousness in modern education.

关 键 词：良知 教育良知论 百年回溯 现实镜鉴 

分 类 号：G40-02[文化科学—教育学原理]