培智学校中、高年级段学生汉字书写偏误研究  

Study on Chinese Character Writing Errors of Medium and High Grade Students in School for the Mentally Retarded

作　　者：高曼 刘光铎 王志强[1] GAO Man;LIU Guangduo;WANG Zhiqiang(Faculty of Education,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian,Liaoning,116029;Jieyang Special Education School,Jieyang,Guangdong,522071)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学教育学部,辽宁大连116029 [2]揭阳市特殊教育学校,广东揭阳522071

出　　处：《现代特殊教育》2024年第10期46-51,共6页Modern Special Education

基　　金：辽宁省教育科学规划项目“培智学校语文教科书编写特征比较研究”(JG22CB254)的成果。

摘　　要：以三所培智学校168名中、高年级段学生一学年的作业、考试试卷为语料,从笔画、部件、整字三个层面探讨汉字书写偏误特征。研究发现,偏误集中在笔画、部件层面。在笔画层面,笔画变形偏误、笔画组合关系偏误和笔画误代偏误较为突出;智力障碍学生的书写偏误显著低于孤独症谱系障碍学生,高年级段学生的书写偏误显著低于中年级段学生;智力障碍学生在笔画误代上进步明显。在部件层面,部件结构偏误较为突出,孤独症谱系障碍学生在部件改换上进步明显。This paper takes 168 medium and high grade students from three schools for the mentally retarded as the research objects,and their homework and examination papers for one academic year as the research corpus.The characteristics of Chinese character writing errors are described from three aspects of stroke,parts and whole character.The results show that Chinese character writing errors mainly focus on strokes and parts.At the stroke level,stroke deformation errors,stroke combination errors and stroke misrepresentation errors are more prominent.The writing errors of students with mental retardation are significantly lower than those of students with autism spectrum disorders,and the writing errors of high grade students are significantly lower than those of medium grade students.Students with mental retardation have made significant progress in stroke misrepresentation.At the parts level,the structural errors of the parts are more prominent.Students with autism spectrum disorders have made significant progress in parts replacement.

关 键 词：汉字 书写 偏误 培智学校 

分 类 号：G760[文化科学—特殊教育学]