中国大学基础学科建设的世界方位与行动方略——基于“国际学术权重”的分析视角  

World Orientation and Strategic Choice of Basic Discipline Construction in Chinese Universities--An Analytical Perspective Based on“International Academic Weight”

作　　者：解德渤 关舒戈 Xie Debo;Guan Shuge

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《国家教育行政学院学报》2024年第5期35-43,共9页Journal of National Academy of Education Administration

摘　　要：基础学科对教育强国建设具有战略支撑作用。自“双一流”政策实施以来,我国大学基础学科建设成效显著,但与世界一流相比较,仍有待推进。以2017—2023年GRAS数据为基础,通过“国际学术权重”明确了基础学科发展的世界格局与中国坐标。结果表明:世界大学基础学科形成了由五大方阵构成的总体格局,中国处于第二方阵。我国大学化学、计算机科学与工程的国际学术权重超过25%,位于第一方阵;地球科学、海洋科学、大气科学和数学的国际学术权重超过10%,进入第二方阵;物理学、地理学、生物学和基础医学处于第三方阵。与美国相比,我国大学基础学科的“木桶结构”不太均衡。组建基础学科发展“双循环”联盟、加快基础学科自主知识体系建构、激发科研工作者的内生动力,是我国大学基础学科建设的行动方略。Basic disciplines play a strategic supporting role in building a strong education country.Since the implementation of the“Double First-Class”policy,the construction of basic disciplines in Chinese universities has achieved significant results,but compared with world-class universities,there is still room for improvement.Based on the GRAS data from 2017 to 2023,the world pattern and China’s coordinates for the development of basic disciplines were clarified through“international academic weight”.The results indicate that the basic disciplines of world universities have formed an overall pattern composed of five squares,with China in the second square.The international academic weight of chemistry,computer science and engineering in Chinese universities exceeds 25%,ranking in the first square;the international academic weight of Earth Science,Ocean Science,Atmospheric Science,and Mathematics exceeds 10%and enters the second round;physics,geography,biology,and basic medicine are in a third party.Compared with the United States,the“barrel structure”of basic disciplines in Chinese universities is not very balanced.The action plan for the construction of basic disciplines in Chinese universities is to establish a“dual cycle”alliance for the development of basic disciplines,accelerate the construction of independent knowledge systems in basic disciplines,and stimulate the endogenous motivation of scientific researchers.

关 键 词：基础学科 学科建设 世界方位 行动方略 国际学术权重 

分 类 号：G649.2[文化科学—高等教育学]