沉浸式虚拟现实赋能科学教育能有效提升学生的学习结果吗?--基于2011~2022年国内外44篇实证论文的元分析  

Can Immersive Virtual Reality-enabled Science Education Improve Student Learning Outcomes Effectively?--A Meta-Analysis Based on 44 Domestic and Foreign Empirical Papersfrom 2011-2022

作　　者：张慕华 刘紫依 李妍 ZHANG Mu-Hua;LIU Zi-Yi;LI Yan(College of Elementary Education,CapitalNormal University,Beijing,China 100048)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学初等教育学院,北京100048

出　　处：《现代教育技术》2024年第6期71-80,共10页Modern Educational Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“沉浸式虚拟现实学习环境中认知负荷的多维评估和干预机制研究”(项目编号:62107003)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：当前,沉浸式虚拟现实(IVR)技术在教育领域的应用呈上升趋势。虽有大量研究探讨了IVR对学生学习结果的影响作用,但未聚焦到科学学科,也未对不同类型的学习结果加以区分。鉴于此,文章采用元分析方法,对国内外44篇相关实证研究文献进行定量分析,研究结果表明,整体而言IVR对学生的科学学习结果具有显著正向影响,但效应量较小(总效应量g=0.275);IVR对知识保持类和知识迁移类学习结果的影响均受教学方法调节,学段仅调节IVR对知识保持类学习结果的影响,测量方式仅调节IVR对知识迁移类学习结果的影响;IVR搭配预训练教学方法对陈述性科学知识的学习促进作用更显著;IVR搭配探究式教学时采用延时测量的方式更能发现知识迁移的效果。文章通过研究,期望从教学方法选择和教学效果测量两方面为IVR技术赋能科学教育提供启示。At present,the application of immersive virtual reality(IVR)technology in the field of education is on the rise.Although a large number of studies have explored the impact of IVR on students’learning outcomes,there is not focus on the scientific disciplines or differentiated between different types of learning outcomes.In view of this,the meta-analysis method was employed to conduct a quantitative analysis of 44 relevant empirical research literature at home and abroad.The research results showed that,on the whole,IVR had a positive impact on students’scientific learning results,but the effect size was small(the total effect size g=0.275),and the influences of IVR on the learning results of knowledge retention and knowledge transfer were regulated by teaching methods.The learning stages only regulated the impact of IVR on the learning results of knowledge retention,and measurement methods only regulated the impact of IVR on on the learning results of knowledge transfer.The combination of IVR and pre-training teaching approach had a more significant promoting effect on the learning of declarative scientific knowledge,and using the method of delayed measurement in IVR combined with inquiry-based learning can better discover the effect of knowledge transfer.Through research,it was expected to provide insights for empowering science education with IVR technology in terms of the teaching approaches selection and the learning outcomes measurement.

关 键 词：沉浸式虚拟现实 科学学习 知识保持 知识迁移 教学方法 

分 类 号：G40-057[文化科学—教育学原理]