一种基于线激光扫描的V型焊接坡口尺寸检测方法  

A Detection Method for V-Type Welding Based on Line Laser Scanning

作　　者：王雪妮 彭飞[1] 王中[1] 孟庆旭 韩玉超 邓为耀 WANG Xueni;PENG Fei;WANG Zhong;MENG Qingxu;HAN Yuchao;DENG Weiyao(College of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering,Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430033,China)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学舰船与海洋学院,武汉430033

出　　处：《船舶工程》2024年第2期99-105,114,共8页Ship Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51609253)。

摘　　要：针对V型焊接坡口尺寸检测的自动化问题,搭建线激光测量系统,并提出一种基于点云处理的坡口尺寸检测方法。由线激光传感器获取坡口轮廓点云数据,分析V型坡口的截面轮廓特征,对坡口点云依次进行统计滤波、K-means聚类分割和MSAC直线检测;利用拟合直线求交点和逐列搜索方法获取坡口截面轮廓的4个特征点,实现尺寸测量,最后通过试验加以验证。结果表明:所提方法能够稳定地实现V型焊接坡口尺寸检测,2个模型测量结果中,坡口间隙中误差最大为0.11mm,坡口宽度中误差最大为0.17 mm,坡口角度中误差最大为0.42°。该方法可满足工业应用的高精度和自动化要求。Aiming at the automatic measurement of V-groove dimension,a method of groove dimension measurement based on point cloud processing is proposed by using the line laser measurement system.The point cloud data of groove profile is obtained by line laser sensor.By analyzing the profile characteristics of V-groove,the data is processed by statistical filtering,K-means clustering segmentation and MSAC linear detection.Then,four characteristic points of the profile of the groove section are obtained by fitting the intersection point of the straight line and searching each row to realize the dimension measurement.Finally,the results show that the proposed method can be used to measure the dimension of V-groove stably.The results of the two model measurements indicate that the maximum root mean squared error of the groove clearance,the groove width and the groove angle is 0.11 mm,0.17 mm and 0.42°,respectively.The proposed method can meet the requirements of high precision and automation in industrial application.

关 键 词：焊接坡口 点云 线激光 K-MEANS聚类 

分 类 号：U671.99[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]