低温胁迫萌芽对青稞γ-氨基丁酸合成的调控作用研究  

Regulation of γ‐Aminobutyric Acid Synthesis in Highland Barley by Low‐temperature Stress Germination

作　　者：路静 白术群 郑学玲[1] 杨佳 杨凯 LU Jing;BAI Shuqun;ZHENG Xueling;YANG Jia;YANG Kai(School of Grain and Oil Food,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,Henan,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Nutrition,Health&Food Safety,Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition&Food,Nutrition&Health Research Institute,COFCO Corporation,Beijing 102200,China)

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学粮油食品学院,河南郑州450001 [2]中粮营养健康研究院有限公司营养健康与食品安全北京市重点实验室,老年营养食品研究北京市工程实验室,北京102200

出　　处：《食品研究与开发》2024年第11期72-79,共8页Food Research and Development

摘　　要：为探究低温胁迫萌芽对青稞γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA)的富集情况及其调控机理,以柴青一号青稞为原料,考察浸泡时间、萌芽时间、培养温度3个因素对青稞GABA合成的影响,在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面试验优化低温胁迫萌芽富集青稞GABA的工艺条件,进一步研发低温胁迫萌芽对GABA关键调控酶(谷氨酸脱羧酶、多胺氧化酶、二胺氧化酶)活性的影响,揭示其调控机制。结果表明:在浸泡时间8 h、萌芽时间16 h、培养温度0℃的工艺条件下,制得的萌芽青稞籽粒中GABA质量分数为(78.70±1.73)mg/100 g,是青稞原料的1.74倍,表明低温胁迫可以高效富集青稞GABA;谷氨酸脱羧酶对GABA合成影响较明显,多胺氧化酶活性普遍较低,揭示GABA支路为低温胁迫青稞合成GABA的主要途径。To investigate the enrichment ofγ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)and its regulatory mechanism in highland barley by low-temperature germination,this study investigated the effects of soaking time,germina-tion time,and incubation temperature on GABA synthesis in highland barley using'Chaiqing No.1'barley as the raw material.Based on single-factor experiments,the process conditions for enriching barley GABA by low-temperature germination were optimized using response surface experiments.Meanwhile,the effects of low-temperature germination on the activities of key regulatory enzymes for GABA(glutamate decarboxylase,poly-amine oxidase,and diamine oxidase)were studied to reveal their regulatory mechanisms.The results showed that under the process conditions of soaking for 8 h,germination for 16 h,and incubation temperature of 0℃,the mass fraction of GABA in the germinated barley grains was(78.70±1.73)mg/100 g,which was 1.74 times that of the highland barley raw material.This indicated that low-temperature germination could efficiently en-rich GABA in highland barley.Glutamate decarboxylase had a more significant impact on GABA synthesis,while polyamine oxidase activity was generally low,indicating that the GABA pathway was the main route for GABA synthesis in barley under low-temperature germination.

关 键 词：青稞 Γ-氨基丁酸 低温处理 萌芽 酶活性 

分 类 号：S512.3[农业科学—作物学]