黔产黑灵芝多糖提取工艺优化及抗氧化活性的研究  

Optimization of Extraction Process and Antioxidant Activity of Polysaccharides of Ganoderma atrum from Guizhou Province

作　　者：赵艺方 张清海[1] 向准 ZHAO Yifang;ZHANG Qinghai;XIANG Zhun(School of Public Health,the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control,Ministry of Education,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Institute of Biology,Guiyang 550009,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省生物研究所,贵州贵阳550009

出　　处：《食品科技》2024年第3期217-225,共9页Food Science and Technology

基　　金：贵州省科技重大专项(黔科合重大专项字[2019]3007-5);贵阳市科技计划项目(筑科合同[2020]-18-6)。

摘　　要：为探究黔产黑灵芝多糖(Ganoderma atrum polysaccharides,GAP)的最佳提取工艺、结构及体外抗氧化活性,采用响应面法优化黑灵芝多糖的提取工艺,采用高效液相色谱法(High performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)、高效凝胶排阻色谱法(High performance gel exclusion chromatography,HEPLC)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,FTIR)对GAP的结构进行表征,并通过测定GPA对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基、2,2-联氨-双-3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸(2,2'-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid),ABTS)阳离子自由基以及羟自由基的清除率,评价GAP的体外抗氧化活性。响应面结果表明,GAP的最佳提取条件为提取时间131 min、提取温度81℃、液料比31:1(mL/g),在此工艺下,GAP的提取率为1.88%。HPLC、HEPLC和FTIR结果表明,GAP具有多糖类物质特征,主要由岩藻糖、半乳糖、葡萄糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖醛酸组成,摩尔比为8.41:30.62:38.62:17.02:1.98,分子质量为16.7 ku(Mn)、54.9 ku(MW)、16.3 ku(MP)。GAP对DPPH自由基、ABTS阳离子自由基、羟自由基清除率的IC50值分别为4.22、3.11、3.97 mg/mL,表明GPA具有较好的抗氧化活性。综上,黔产GAP提取工艺可行,提取得到的多糖具有较好的抗氧化活性。In order to investigate the optimal extraction process,structure and in vitro antioxidant activity of Ganoderma atrum polysaccharides(GAP)in Guizhou province,response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction process of GAP.The structure of GAP was characterized by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),high performance gel exclusion chromatography(HEPLC)and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).The in vitro antioxidant activity of GAP was evaluated by determining the scavenging rate of GPA on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)radical,2,2’-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS)radical cation,and hydroxyl radicals.The response surface methodology results showed that the optimal extraction conditions of GAP were extraction time of 131 min,extraction temperature of 81℃,and liquid to material ratio of 31:1(mL/g).Under these process,the extraction rate of GAP was 1.88%.The results of HPLC,HEPLC,and FTIR showed that GAP has polysaccharide characteristics,mainly composed of fucose,galactose,glucose,mannose,and glucuronic acid,with a molar ratio of 8.41:30.62:38.62:17.02:1.98 and molecular weights of 16.7 ku(Mn),54.9 ku(MW),and 16.3 ku(MP).The IC50 values of GAP for DPPH radical,ABTS radical cation,and hydroxyl radical scavenging rates were 4.22,3.11,3.97 mg/mL,respectively,indicating that GPA has good antioxidant activity.In conclusion,the extraction process of GPA in Guizhou province was feasible,and the extracted polysaccharides have good antioxidant activity.

关 键 词：黑灵芝 多糖 响应面 抗氧化活性 

分 类 号：TS201.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]