高分何以上职校?——社会生态系统理论视角下初中毕业生教育抉择探究  

Why Students with High⁃Score Progressing to Vocational Schools?——Research on the Educational Choice of Junior High School Graduates from the Perspective of Ecosystem Theory

作　　者：陈鹏[1] 朱长江 雍蓉 Chen Peng;Zhu Changjiang;Yong Rong

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学教育科学学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《职教发展研究》2024年第2期43-52,共10页Vocational Education Development and Research

基　　金：全国教育科学规划教育部青年项目“高中阶段职普协调发展的社会支持体系研究”(项目编号:DJA230361)。

摘　　要：在普职协调发展背景下,初中毕业生在普职分流的选择中逐渐有了更加理性的抉择。随着职业教育贯通培养政策的落实和推广,越来越多的初中毕业生高分选择通过攻读职业院校实现学业进阶,引起社会公众的强烈反响,并呈现出两种完全相反的态度。为进一步探究考生“高分上职校”这一现象背后的深层原因,研究使用网络爬虫技术在新浪微博中收集数据,以社会生态系统理论为分析框架,从宏观、中观、微观以及时间系统四个层次分析贯通培养项目选择背后的社会文化体制、家庭资本和同伴文化、个体个性等原因以及生态变迁的逻辑。社会原因主要表现为体制之风及女性刻板印象、科举制遗留下的“学历至上”思想,家庭原因主要表现为家庭文化经济资本以及同伴文化,个体原因表现为性格和兴趣,生态变迁逻辑表现为积极、消极变化以及物理、精神变化方面。为此,建议进一步拓展职业教育贯通培养项目的合作类型、专业类别、定向领域,从而切实提高职业教育的吸引力。Under the background of the coordinated development of general and vocational education,junior middle school graduates gradually have a more rational logic in the choice of diversion.With the implementation and promotion of the policy of vocational education connecting program,more and more high⁃score junior middle school graduates realize their academic progress by choosing to study in vocational schools,but it has aroused strong response from the public and shown two completely opposite attitudes.In order to further explore the deep reasons behind the phenomenon,taking"the high⁃score student progressing to vocational school"from Yancheng of Jiangsu as the case,using the network crawler technology to collect data in Sina Weibo,social ecosystem theory as the framework,it was analyzed from four perspectives of macro,medium,micro and time system,to find the reason of choosing connecting program of vocational education,from social and cultural system,family capital and peer culture,individual personality,and the logic of ecological change.The social reasons are the style of system,female stereotypes and the"credentialism"left by the imperial examination;the family reasons are family cultural economic capital and peer culture;the individual reasons are character and interest;the logic of ecological change is positive and negative changes and physical and spiritual changes.Therefore,it is suggested to further expand the cooperation types,professional categories and targeted fields of vocational education connecting program,so as to improving the attraction of vocational education effectively.

关 键 词：高分 升学 普职分流 贯通培养 社会生态系统理论 

分 类 号：G719.2[文化科学—职业技术教育学]