乳酸菌对不同果穗状态全株青贮玉米饲料品质的影响  

Effect of Lactic Acid Bacteria on the Quality of Whole Crop Corn Silage in Different Ear States

作　　者：田吉鹏 程云辉[1,2] 刘蓓一 顾洪如[1,2] 丁成龙 TIAN Ji-peng;CHENG Yun-hui;LIU Bei-yi(Institute of Animal Science,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210014;Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210014)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院畜牧研究所,江苏南京210014 [2]农业农村部种养结合重点实验室,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第11期72-75,79,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏省苏北科技专项(先导性项目)(XZ-SZ202114);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(21)2017]。

摘　　要：为研究乳酸菌添加剂对不同果穗状态全株玉米青贮饲料发酵品质、营养品质、真菌污染和有氧稳定性的影响,利用蒸馏水(CK)、植物乳杆菌处理(LP处理,添加量为1×10^(6)CFU/g鲜样)以及布氏乳杆菌处理(LB处理,添加量为1×10^(6)CFU/g鲜样)添加进果穗全包、果穗露顶和果穗露顶穗腐组中进行青贮发酵。结果表明,所有处理均取得了良好的发酵效果。果穗露顶组具有更高的WSC含量和霉菌数量,且相对果穗全包组具有更高的总酸含量、乳酸/乙酸比值和更低的pH。LP处理增加了乳酸含量、降低了pH。LB处理显著增加了乙酸含量并降低乳酸/乙酸比值,具有最低的酵母菌数量和最高的有氧稳定性,2种添加剂的使用均显著降低了氨态氮含量和霉菌数量。乳酸菌添加剂的应用对于提升不同果穗状态的全株玉米青贮饲料发酵品质、营养品质和有氧稳定性并降低真菌污染具有重要意义。In order to study the effects of lactic acid bacteria additives on the fermentation quality,nutritional quality,fungal contamination,and aerobic stability of whole plant corn silage in different ear states,distilled water(CK),Lactiplantibacillus plantarum treatment(LP treatment,addition amount of 1×10^(6)CFU/g fresh sample),and Lentilactobacillus buchneri treatment(LB treatment,addition amount of 1×10^(6)CFU/g fresh sample)were added to cob full covered by bracts,cob exposed bracts,ear rot at the exposed top groups for silage fermentation.The results showed that all treatment groups achieved good fermentation effects.The cob exposed bracts had higher WSC content and mold count,and had higher total acid content,lactic acid/acetic acid ratio,and lower pH compared to the fully enclosed group of fruit clusters.LP treatment increased lactate content and decreased pH.LB treatment significantly increased the acetic acid content and decreased the lactic acid/acetic acid ratio,with the lowest yeast count and highest aerobic stability.The use of both additives significantly reduced the ammonia nitrogen content and mold count.The application of lactic acid bacteria additives was of great significance for improving the fermentation quality,nutritional quality,aerobic stability,and reducing fungal contamination of whole plant corn silage with different ear states.

关 键 词：乳酸菌 果穗露顶 全株玉米青贮 真菌污染 有氧稳定性 

分 类 号：S548[农业科学—作物学]