采摘时间对甘肃庆阳产区酸枣仁品质的影响  

Effect of Picking Time on Quality of Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa in Qingyang Production Area of Gansu Province

作　　者：张润红 肖静[2] 王广菊 ZHANG Runhong;XIAO Jing;WANG Guangju(Lanzhou Petrochemical University of Vocational Technology,Lanzhou 730060,China;Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Qingcheng County,Qingcheng 745100,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州石化职业技术大学,甘肃兰州730060 [2]庆城县农业技术推广中心,甘肃庆城745100

出　　处：《食品安全导刊》2024年第13期34-38,共5页China Food Safety Magazine

基　　金：甘肃省教育厅2023年高校教师创新基金项目“酸枣仁功效成分积累跟踪与同步提取工艺研究”(2023A-208)。

摘　　要：酸枣仁是苁蓉补肾丸、人参归脾丸、补脑丸等几十种中成药的重要原料,随着酸枣的市场需求量逐年攀升其收购价也逐年上涨。但酸枣多野生,资源有限,甘肃庆阳地区出现“抢青”采摘、毁柱采摘等现象,不利于酸枣资源的可持续发展。为了分析采摘时间对酸枣仁品质的影响,于2023年9月8日至10月20日收集了甘肃庆阳产区不同采摘时间的酸枣仁,检测了其中油脂、总黄酮、总皂苷、粗多糖成分的含量。结果表明,“抢青”采摘导致酸枣仁油脂、总黄酮、总皂苷、粗多糖成分的含量都严重偏低,酸枣仁品质下降,10月初甘肃庆阳产区的酸枣仁功效成分含量基本稳定,建议庆阳地区对酸枣采收时间进行干预,将酸枣采收时间控制在10月左右。The seed of Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa is cistanche kidney pills,ginseng spleen pills,brain pills and other dozens of Chinese medicine important raw materials,with the increase of Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa market demand year by year,the purchase price also rose year by year.But Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa are more wild,resources are limited,the“earlier-plucking”and destroy the pillar picking appeared in Qingyang area of Gansu province is not conducive to the sustainable development of Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa resources.In order to analyze the effect of picking time on the quality of the seed of Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa,the seed of Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa from Qingyang production area of Gansu province at different picking times were collected from September 8 to October 20,2023,and the contents of oil,total flavonoids,total saponins and crude polysaccharides were detected.The results showed that“earlier-plucking”lead to the content of oil,total flavonoids,total saponins,crude polysaccharide in the seed of Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa seriously low,the seed of Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa quality decline.Effective component content is basically stable at Qingyang production area of Gansu province in early October,suggested that Qingyang area should intervene the picking time at October.

关 键 词：酸枣仁 采摘时间 油脂 总黄酮 总皂苷 粗多糖 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]