室内微风扰动下墙面霉斑表面扩散范围研究  

Study on the diffusion range of mold contaminants on wall surfaces under indoor breeze disturbance

作　　者：陈禹竹 杨自力 吴杰[1] 屈诚 汪先钰 刘雪琳 张钧翔 CHEN Yu-zhu;YANG Zi-li;WU Jie;QU Cheng;WANG Xian-yu;LIU Xue-lin;ZHANG Jun-xiang(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海201620

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2024年第6期3091-3099,共9页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52008078)。

摘　　要：为明确室内微风气流扰动下,发霉墙壁霉菌污染物的表面扩散范围大小与变化规律,基于模拟试验法设计了发霉建材霉菌释放实验台,以室内墙面最常见的抹灰石膏类建材为对象,探究了在室内常见气流条件变化范围内,即不同气流速度(0.2~1.0m/s)、气流角度(0°~90°)､温度(18~30℃)､相对湿度(35%~75%),发霉墙壁表面霉斑的表面扩散范围与规律.结果表明:即使受室内气流的短时(10min)扰动,墙壁表面霉斑也具有较强的污染扩散性,其扩散范围可达原始霉斑自身直径的29倍,扩散区被严重污染,其霉菌浓度可达10CFU/cm^(2).霉斑表面扩散范围随气流相对湿度的降低、风速的增加、气流与墙壁夹角的降低而显著增大,但受气流温度的影响微弱.层次分析结果显示,各微风气流条件对霉斑扩散范围的影响权重排序为:气流速度(38.65%)>相对湿度(30.70%)>气流角度(30.65%),温度对霉菌污染物释放无影响.研究结果可为减缓室内霉斑的扩张性污染提供参考.This study experimentally investigated the diffusion range of mold spots on moldy walls under the disturbance of indoor breeze airflow.A mold-release experimental bench was designed to focus on the most commonly used plaster-gypsum building materials on indoor walls.The experiment varied airflow conditions such as airflow speeds(0.2~1.0m/s),airflow angles(0°~90°),temperatures(18℃~30℃),and relative humidity(35%~75%)to understand their impact on mold contamination.The results showed that,even when disturbed by the breeze airflow for a short time(10min),the mold spots on the wall surface had strong contamination diffusion,and their diffusion range could be up to 29 times the diameter of the original mold spots themselves.The diffusion area was seriously contaminated,and the concentration of the molds could be as high as 10CFU/cm^(2).The range of the surface diffusion of the mold spots increased with the decrease of the relative humidity,the increase of the wind speed,and the reduction of the airflow angle to the wall.The effect of temperature on the release of mold pollutants was weak.The results of the hierarchical analysis showed that the influence of indoor breeze conditions on the spreading range of mold was ranked as follows:airflow velocity(38.65%)>relative humidity(30.70%)>airflow angle(30.65%);while temperature showed little effect.The results provide valuable insights into controlling the spread of indoor mold contamination,particularly in understanding the effects of indoor breeze conditions.

关 键 词：霉菌污染 建筑环境 室内墙面 气流工况 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] TU834[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]