250 km/h动车组气动载荷及动态气密特征的实车试验  

Test study on aerodynamic load and air-tightness characteristic of 250 km/h EMU

作　　者：马瑶 余以正 夏春晶 王雷 梅元贵[1] MA Yao;YU Yizheng;XIA Chunjing;WANG Lei;MEI Yuangui(Gansu Province Engineering Laboratory of Rail Transit Mechanics Application,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;National Rail Transit Engineering Research Center,CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co.Ltd.,Changchun 130062,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学甘肃省轨道交通力学应用工程实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [2]中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司国家轨道客车工程研究中心,吉林长春130062

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期1889-1899,共11页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(N2022J055)。

摘　　要：为了对长期运行的现役列车车体疲劳及静强度提供载荷边界输入条件,并加强对车体气动载荷特性和车内压力舒适性的长期运用评估,采用实车试验的方法得到CRH5A型动车组线路气动载荷和频率特征及不同隧道运行工况下车内外压力波动和车内压力舒适性特征,结合实测数据和所提出的动态气密指数分析方法,计算整车动态气密指数。研究结果表明:在京沈客专沈阳—朝阳试验段,车体绝对气动压差变化范围为−2.53~0.71 kPa;车体外两侧压力无明显主频;间隔1 s和3 s的车内压力变化量最大值分别为294 Pa和383 Pa,尾车的车内压力波动最剧烈。列车通过黑山隧道、下窝堡隧道、扣莫明洞隧道、三棱山隧道4个典型长度隧道的整车动态气密性指数计算结果分别为10.46、12.13、11.06和14.40 s,对于同一列车而言,列车的动态气密指数未因所通过隧道长度的不同而有较明显的离散特征。In order to provide load boundary input conditions for the fatigue and static strength of the active train body during long-term operation,and to strengthen the long-term operation and evaluation of the air-tightness of the train body and the internal pressure comfort,the aerodynamic load and frequency characteristics of the CRH5A high-speed train were studied by actual train test,the internal and external pressure wave and the characteristics of the internal and external pressure comfort under tunnel conditions were obtained.Combining actual test data and the analysis method for the whole train dynamic air-tightness index,the dynamic air-tightness index of the whole train was calculated.The results indicate that the variation range of pressure difference on the train body in Shenyang—Chaoyang test section of the Beijing—Shenyang passenger dedicated line is−2.53−0.71 kPa.There is no obvious dominant frequency of pressure on both sides outside the train body.The aerodynamic load does not affect the vibration and overturning of the train body.The maximum internal pressures are 294 Pa and 383 Pa at the time interval of 1 s and 3 s,respectively.The interior pressure fluctuates the most in the rear car.The airtightness indexes of the whole train passing through the Heishan,Xiawobao,Koumo,Sanlenshan Tunnels are 10.46,12.13,11.06 and 14.40 s,respectively.The dynamic air-tightness index does not have significant distinct characteristics due to the train passing through differences length tunnels.

关 键 词：CRH5A型动车组 隧道压力波 车体气动载荷 车内压力舒适性 动态气密指数 实车试验 

分 类 号：U279[机械工程—车辆工程]