晚清科学教科书翻译与新式学堂科学知识教育  

Translation of Scientific Textbooks in Late Qing Dynasty and Scientific Knowledge Education in New Schools

作　　者：李春兰 江黎霖 孔令翠 LI Chun-lan;JIANG Li-lin;KONG Ling-cui

机构地区：[1]吉利学院,四川成都641423 [2]四川护理职业学院,四川成都610100 [3]四川外国语大学/四川师范大学,重庆400031

出　　处：《上海翻译》2024年第3期48-53,F0003,共7页Shanghai Journal of Translators

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“石声汉农学典籍术语今释暨文本自译与传统农学现代化国际化研究”(编号:23xyy099);全国科学技术名词审定委员会项目“石声汉古农学典籍术语今释与英译研究”(编号:YB2023004)。

摘　　要：鸦片战争失败后,为了求富自强,在中体西用、师夷长技以制夷的洋务运动中,官办翻译机构、传教士翻译机构和民间翻译机构翻译了大量西方最新出版的科学书籍。这些当时被称为“格致”类型的部分译著被作为科学教材在极小范围内使用。甲午战争失败后,特别是晚清“废科举兴学堂”教育新政以后,我国从政府到民间出版机构大举翻译日本中小学科学教科书。晚清科学教科书翻译不但确定了各学科的汉语现代名称与核心术语的汉译,推动了从格物之学到分科之学(科学)的重大转型,而且满足了新式学堂科学知识教学的迫切需要,对我国近代科技启蒙与科学发展、新式学堂科学教科书编写、科学知识教育与人才培养都具有重大意义。After the failure of the Opium War,translation institutions translated a large number of English scientific books which were called“Gezhi”.Some versions were used as scientific textbooks on a very small scale.After 1895,China’s governmental&civilian publishing organizations began to translate Japanese middle and high school science textbooks in large numbers.The translation of scientific textbooks in late Qing Dynasty not only set the core terminology for disciplines of modern China,but also met the urgent needs of teaching science in new schools.It is of great significance for the popularization and development of modern science and technology,the writing of scientific textbooks in new schools as well as scientific education and talent cultivation in China.

关 键 词：科学教科书 翻译 新式学堂 科学知识教育 

分 类 号：H059[语言文字—语言学]