语义化的英汉祈使语气系统:加的夫语法视角  

The Semantic System Network for Imperative Mood inEnglish and Chinese: A Cardiff Grammar Approach

作　　者：向大军 XIANG Dajun(College of Foreign Studies/Institute of Foreign Linguistics and Applied Linguistics,Jishou University,Jishou 416000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉首大学外国语学院/外国语言学及应用语言学研究所,湖南吉首416000

出　　处：《浙江外国语学院学报》2024年第2期29-41,共13页Journal of Zhejiang International Studies University

基　　金：湖南省哲学社会科学规划基金项目“英汉祈使语气的功能类型学研究”(22YBA144)。

摘　　要：有关英汉祈使语气的研究往往以典型的第二人称祈使句为原型,忽略了交际角色选择的复杂性,不能全面、系统地反映英汉祈使语气系统的真正本质。本文从系统功能语言学加的夫语法的视角重新审视英汉祈使语气的相关理论与描写问题,将“祈使语气”语义化为“行动提议”,并基于语料分析和统计建构了语义化的英汉祈使语气系统网络。在语义化的英汉祈使语气系统中,人称系统主要有四种选择,即受话者、发话者+受话者、发话者、第三者;功能类型可分为八类,即命令、要求、支配、希望陈述、建议、坚决提议、同意求取和提供;语气结构体现形式有(S)、S、(S)+A、O^S、S^O、F、S+A和L^S等。Studies of imperative mood in English and Chinese have been mainly focused on the canonical second person imperatives,resulting in ignorance of the complexity of communication role assignment,which cannot comprehensively and systematically reflect the real nature of the imperative mood system in English and Chinese.This paper revisits an issue in the theory and description of imperative mood in English and Chinese.The“imperative mood”has been semanticized to“proposal for action”,and the corresponding system networks for“proposal for action”in English and Chinese have been constructed in accordance with the corpus data analyzed and calculated.It is found that in the semanticized English and Chinese imperative mood system,there are four choices in the person system:addressee,self+addressee,self,and outsider;the functional categories of imperative mood can be generally classified into eight types:directive,request,ruling,statement of wish,suggestion,firm proposal,agreement seeker and offer;and there are various mood structures for the realization of“proposal for action”like(S),S,(S)+A,O^S,S^O,F,S+A,and L^S,etc.

关 键 词：语义化 英汉 祈使语气 行动提议 加的夫语法 

分 类 号：H043[语言文字—语言学]