换位社交团体干预对孤独症儿童症状和共情的改善  

Transposition Social Group Intervention Improves Symptoms and Empathy in Children with Autism

作　　者：陈佩琪 张剑心 张雨晴 方美欣 何木叶[1,3] 刘电芝 Chen Peiqi;Zhang Jianxi;Zhang Yuqing;Fang Meixin;He Muye;Liu Dianzhi(School of Education,Soochow University,Suzhou 215123;School of Education,Jiangnan University,Wuxi214122;School of Teacher Education,Dali University,Dali671003;Soochow University Autism Research Center,Suzhou 215123)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学教育学院,苏州215123 [2]江南大学教育学院,无锡214122 [3]大理大学教师教育学院,大理671003 [4]苏州大学孤独症研究中心,苏州215123

出　　处：《心理科学》2024年第3期590-597,共8页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家社科2019年项目:自闭症儿童分阶综合运动训练模式探索与效果评估项目(19BTY129)的资助。

摘　　要：研究参考自我-他人转换的共情模型,聚焦于自我-他人转换开关,设计适用于改善孤独症儿童症状的换位社交团体干预游戏,并评估即时和短期维持效果。招募41名4~12岁孤独症儿童随机分为干预组和对照组,干预组接受每次1小时,共18次换位社交团体干预。采用《孤独症治疗评估量表》和《人际反应指针量表》进行评估。在团体干预后,干预组总体症状、感知/认知、健康/生理/行为,共情二维度总分和观点采择维度均发生显著改善,且短期维持效果较好。在本研究条件下,聚焦于自我-他人转换的换位社交团体干预能改善孤独症儿童总体症状和共情能力。Theory of mind(ToM)refers to the ability to understand the state of mind of the self and others,and to properly explain the behavior of self and others.The theory of mind deficit is prevalent in children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)and is a key factor in social impairment.Previous studies have shown that it is effective to intervene in the theory of mind of autistic children.Interventions for theory of mind in children with ASD have been divided into three main categories:direct intervention for false belief cognition,multi-component intervention for theory of mind based on the sequence of children's psychological development,and intervention that combine theory of mind and social skills.These three types of interventions have certain effects on improving children's simple interaction and dialogue skills,emotional understanding,belief understanding and pretend play,theory of mind,social communication,and empathy.However,there are the following shortcomings.Firstly,the intervention sample size is small,the content is large,the cycle is long,and it does not focus on thinking from the other person's point of view.Secondly,it is limited to a certain component or specific ability,such as"false belief understanding""emotional understanding""perspective taking"and so on.Focusing solely on one component or specific ability limits the effectiveness of the intervention.Thirdly,there was confusion between intervention content and effect assessment.Therefore,theory of mind intervention with AsD children should focus on developing time-saving,cost-effective group interventions and pay attention to the correlation between different stages of theory of mind and comprehensively intervening in various components.Moreover,moderate separation between intervention content and effect assessment was emphasized.Bird and Viding proposed the self to other model of empathy(SOME),which includes five subsystems:Theory of Mind System,Affective Representation System,Situational Understanding System,Affective Cue Classification System,an

关 键 词：孤独症谱系障碍 换位社交 团体干预 SOME模型 自我-他人转换 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]