生物纳米孔在氨基酸检测及序列识别的研究进展  

Advances of Biological Nanopores in Amino Acid Detection and Sequence Recognition

作　　者：郑玲 王徐 周硕 陈萧寒 王德强[2,3] ZHENG Ling;WANGXu;ZHOU Shuo;CHEN Xiaohan;WANG Deqiang(School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering,Chongqing University of Technology,Chongqing 400054,China;Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chongqing 400714,China;Chongqing School,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chongqing 400714,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆理工大学药学与生物工程学院,重庆400054 [2]中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院,重庆400714 [3]中国科学院大学重庆学院,重庆400714

出　　处：《中国生物工程杂志》2024年第5期90-98,共9页China Biotechnology

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金(2022NSCQ-MSX1555)资助项目。

摘　　要：氨基酸是生物体的重要组成物质,为生命活动提供了物质基础。由于氨基酸种类多样,可以通过脱水缩合反应生成多肽,并通过数个多肽盘曲折叠产生蛋白质,对多肽和蛋白质的结构和功能造成影响。因此,识别不同氨基酸并对氨基酸序列进行读取具有重要意义。纳米孔检测技术是一种新型单分子传感技术,具有无须标记、灵敏度高、检测速度快等优点,广泛应用于核酸、蛋白质和多糖等待测物的检测。综述了近年来生物纳米孔在氨基酸检测及氨基酸序列识别中的应用,具体囊括了单个氨基酸的识别区分、不同多肽和蛋白质的检测以及潜在氨基酸序列技术的开发,并对相关发展前景提出展望。Amino acids are essential components of living organisms,providing the basic building blocks for many life processes.They undergo dehydration-condensation reactions to form peptides,which are then coiled and folded into proteins.The structural and functional differences betweeen peptides and proteins are strongly influenced by different amino acid sequences.It is therefore of great significance to detect amino acids and identify the amino acid sequence.Nanopore technology is a novel single-molecule detection technology that offers the advantages of label-free detection,high sensitivity,and rapid analysis.It has been widely applied to the detection of nucleic acids,proteins,and polysaccharides.This article provides a comprehensive review of the application of nanopores in amino acid detection,peptide and protein detection,and amino acid sequence identification.Furthermore,the prospects in this field are also included.

关 键 词：生物纳米孔 单分子检测 氨基酸 多肽 蛋白质 测序 

分 类 号：Q517[生物学—生物化学]