“非补贴型”政策能否促进新能源汽车企业创新实现?——基于SCP范式分析视角  

Can Non-Subsidized Policies Promote the Innovation Realization of New Energy Vehicle Enterprises?An SCP Paradigm Analysis Perspective

作　　者：秦书锋 熊勇清[2] QIN Shufeng;XIONG Yongqing(School of Business,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;School of Business,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学商学院,长沙410128 [2]中南大学商学院,长沙410083

出　　处：《科学学与科学技术管理》2024年第5期3-23,共21页Science of Science and Management of S.& T.

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72274221);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2024JJ6253)。

摘　　要：在新能源汽车“补贴型”政策发展瓶颈的背景下,如何加强引入并有效实施“非补贴型”政策,充分激励起车企的高水平创新与创新绩效实现至关重要。首先对创新层次新能源汽车“非补贴型”政策的工具选择(市场准入、“双积分”、政府采购)与作用机理进行了阐述,进一步基于产业组织中的S-C-P范式,构建了一个完整的新能源车企创新实现框架。结果显示,在前端S-C环节,以直接干预为代表的市场准入政策表现更好,更有利于促进车企的实质性创新行为;而间接引导类的“双积分”政策与政府采购政策更容易偏向企业的策略性创新。在后端S-P环节,政府采购政策对于车企创新短期绩效的作用效果最好,市场准入政策与“双积分”政策则更有利于创新长期绩效的实现。在整体S-C-P框架中,车企创新行为(C)存在部分中介作用,但政策效果从前端创新行为向后端创新绩效的传递效率还偏低。此外,政策协同作用显示,3项政策的“1+1+1”组合效果还并不明显。现有新能源汽车产业政策朝“非补贴”方向的调整是有效且十分必要的,但同时也要注意到不同类型政策创新效果的特征和侧重。Effective implementation of non-subsidized policies is crucial for stimulating high-level innovation and innovation performance realization in the new energy vehicle(NEV)industry,which faces a development bottleneck in the subsidized policy.This study uses data from listed NEV enterprises in China between 2012 and 2020 as the research sample.Based on the direct intervention and indirect guidance principles of industrial policy,the non-subsidized policy of NEVs,most closely related to innovation incentive levels,is divided into two dimensions:direct intervention(such as the market access)and indirect guidance(such as the dual-credit policy and government procurement).Furthermore,we investigate the realization of enterprise innovation performance from the perspective of heterogeneous enterprise innovation behavior under policy influence,with innovation behavior as the intermediate variable.Hence,we construct a complete S-C-P framework for NEV enterprise innovation with innovation behavior as the mediating path.Additionally,we consider the synergistic effects and differences of policy instruments in combination.This study reveals several key findings.First,based on the S-C-P paradigm,the three non-subsidized policies have a direct impact on the innovation behavior and performance of NEV enterprises,with notable differences between them.In the front-end S-C link,the market access policy,represented by direct intervention,is more effective in promoting substantive innovation behavior,while the dual-credit policy and government procurement policy in the indirect guidance category are more likely to favor strategic innovation.In the back-end S-P link,the government procurement policy has the best effect on short-term performance realization,whereas the market access policy and dual-credit policy are more conducive to long-term innovation performance realization.Second,in the overall S-C-P framework,the innovation behavior(C)of vehicle enterprises partially mediates the effect of policies,but the efficiency of policy tra

关 键 词：新能源汽车 “非补贴型”政策 创新行为 创新绩效 S-C-P范式 

分 类 号：F273.1[经济管理—企业管理] F426[经济管理—国民经济]