基于潜在类别分析法探究青少年中医体质分布特征  

Exploration into the Distribution of Constitutions of Teenagers Based on Latent Class Analysis

作　　者：王枫 刘琰[2] 王馨苑 孙付童语 何晨皓 谭曦 WANG Feng;LIU Yan;WANG Xinyuan;SUN Futongyu;HE Chenhao;TAN Xi(Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China;China Association of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China;Shenzhen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Shenzhen 518172,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学,北京100029 [2]中华中医药学会,北京100029 [3]北京中医药大学深圳医院(龙岗),广东深圳518172

出　　处：《西部中医药》2024年第6期57-61,共5页Western Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81973978);2021深圳市自然科学基金(JCYJ20210324135413036)。

摘　　要：目的:了解不同潜在类别青少年群体的中医体质分布特征,为指导该人群体质干预提供依据,提升青少年群体的健康水平。方法:采用问卷调查法,对5000多名青少年的运动习惯、睡眠情况、饮食情况、抑郁状态和体质情况进行调查;运用潜在类别分析法探究健康行为方式指标的最佳潜在类别模型,χ^(2)检验研究潜在类别组与中医体质的关系。结果:本次调查共收集有效问卷5285份,问卷有效率98.2%(5285/5381);男女分别占比49.8%(2633/5285)、50.2%(2652/5285);平均年龄(20.75±1.39)岁;潜在类别分析结果显示4个潜在类别的模型为最佳模型,分别命名为抑郁少动型、抽烟喝酒型、饮食偏嗜型和基本健康型;χ^(2)检验显示不同健康行为方式类别的人群在中医体质类型上的分布有差异。结论:抑郁少动型以气郁质为主,抽烟喝酒型以阴虚质、气郁质为主,饮食偏嗜型主要存在于气虚质和痰湿质之中;基本健康型主要为特禀质、平和质。提示应当针对不同类别青少年的中医体质特点,有针对性地进行健康指导和干预,提升青少年群体健康水平。Objective:To provide the reference for physical intervention in the teenagers,and to improve their health by investigating the distribution of TCM constitutions of different potential groups of adolescents.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the exercise habits,sleep status,diet,depression and the constitution of more than 5,000 adolescents;latent class analysis(LCA)was used to explore the best latent class model of health behavior pattern indicators,andχ^(2) test was used to study the relationship between latent class groups and TCM constitutions.Results:A total of 5285 valid questionnaires were collected in the survey,and the questionnaire validity reached 98.2%;the proportions of male and female were 49.8%and 50.2%respectively;average age was(20.75±1.39)years;the results of LDA showed that four latent class models were the best,named as depression hypomotility type,smoking and drinking type,diet preference type and basic health type respectively;χ^(2) test showed that the difference in TCM constitutions existed among the population with different health behaviors.Conclusion:Depression hypomotility type is mainly characterized by Qi stagnation constitution,smoking and drinking type by Yin deficiency constitution and Qi stagnation constitution,diet preference type by Qi deficiency constitution and phlegm-dampness constitution,and basic health type by Qi deficiency constitution and Qi stagnation constitution;and the basic health types contain specific constitution and peace constitution,suggesting that targeted health guidance and intervention should be given according to TCM constitutions of different groups of adolescents,in order to raise the teenagers'health.

关 键 词：中医体质 潜在类别分析 青少年 健康行为 

分 类 号：R363.26[医药卫生—病理学]