某型直升机动力装置起动特性试飞研究  

Flight Test and Evaluation for Starting Characteristic of a Turboshaft Engine

作　　者：范平 FAN Ping(Engine Department of Chinese Flight Test Establishment,Xi′an 710089,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航空工业集团公司中国飞行试验研究院,陕西西安710089

出　　处：《工程与试验》2024年第2期36-40,共5页Engineering and Test

摘　　要：军用直升机动力装置在高原、高温、低温及雨、雪、结冰等恶劣环境下稳定、高效的地面起动特性是一项重要的战术技术指标,也是直升机鉴定试飞中的重要考核内容之一。本文以某型涡轴发动机试飞鉴定试验为平台,设计了完整的直升机动力装置起动试飞鉴定方案,进行了不同工况下的试验研究。结果表明,该起动试飞方案合理可行,能够最大程度贴近部队实战使用的技术特征,满足对发动机起动高度包线、起动时间等研制总要求规定的技术指标验证需求。在高温环境下,发动机燃油流量随转速的增加趋势相对较慢,反之,低温环境下增加趋势相对较快,发动机的加速性相较于高温环境要快。当排气温度T45增加到某一限制值时,燃油流量突然降低以降低发动机排气温度。起动电机的带转时间与最大起动电流有关,起动电流越大,带转时间越少,发动机起动越快。本文的研究结果为后续涡轴发动机装机状态下的起动科目试验评估提供了技术支撑。The stable and efficient ground starting performance of military helicopter engine is an important tactical and technical index under the inclement environment of plateau,high temperature,low temperature,rain,snow,ice and so on,and it is also one of the important examination contents in helicopter appraisal flight test.In this paper,based on the flight test of a turboshaft engine,a complete flight test evaluation scheme for helicopter engine starting is designed,and the experimental research under different working conditions is carried out.The results show that the scheme is reasonable and feasible,and can be close to the technical characteristics of the Army in actual combat,it can meet the requirements of technical index verification for the general requirements of engine starting height envelope,starting time and so on.In the high temperature environment,the increasing trend of engine fuel flow with speed is relatively slow,on the contrary,the increasing trend is relatively fast in the low temperature environment,and the acceleration of the engine is faster than that in the high temperature environment.When the exhaust temperature T 45 increases to a certain limit value,the fuel flow suddenly decreases to reduce the engine exhaust temperature.The running time of the starting motor is related to the maximum starting current.The bigger the starting current is,the shorter the running time is,and the faster the engine starts.The research results provide technical support for the subsequent test evaluation of turboshaft engine starting under the installed condition.

关 键 词：涡轴发动机 空中停车 地面试验 技术指标 起动特性 

分 类 号：V217.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]