锻造专用机械臂的结构有限元分析及优化设计  

Finite element analysis and optimization design on special forging mechanical arm

作　　者：刘高照 管殿柱[1] 施磊 宋新城 卢光城 Liu Gaozhao;Guan Dianzhu;Shi Lei;Song Xincheng;Lu Guangcheng(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学机电工程学院,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《锻压技术》2024年第5期160-165,178,共7页Forging & Stamping Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFC140510)。

摘　　要：以一款80 MN的锻造液压机为研究对象,针对其工作时毛坯件的冲孔工序,设计了一种大型环锻件冲孔专用机械臂,以替代人工操作。为了保证机械臂的设计满足强度和刚度要求,对机械臂进行了静力学分析,以验证设计方案的合理性。分析结果表明:机械臂的强度满足材料要求,但仍有较大的优化潜力,因此,利用响应面法对机械臂进行轻量化设计。根据静力学分析结果筛选出4个尺寸参数作为优化变量,以最大变形及等效应力为约束条件、总重量最小为目标,建立数学模型。通过优化筛选出候选点,对其尺寸进行圆整后重新分析,对比后显示质量减轻了421 kg,减重比例达15.22%,优化效果显著。For 80 MN forging hydraulic press,a specialized mechanical arm for punching large-scale ring forgings was designed to replace manual operation based on the punching process of blank during its operation.Then,in order to ensure that the design of mechanical arm meets the requirements of strength and stiffness,the static analysis on the mechanical arm was conducted to verify the rationality of design scheme.The analysis results show that the strength on the mechanical arm meets the material requirements,but there is still a large optimization space.Therefore,the lightweight design on the mechanical arm was conducted by the response surface method.According to the results of static analysis,taking four size parameters as the optimization variables,the maximum deformation and equivalent stress as the constraint conditions,and the minimum total weight as the goal,the mathematical model was established.By optimizing and screening candidate points,rounding their dimensions and reanalyzing them,after comparison,the weight is reduced by 421 kg,the weight reduction ratio is up to 15.22%,and the optimization effect is significant.

关 键 词：锻压机 机械臂 冲孔 轻量化 最大变形 等效应力 

分 类 号：TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TP319[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]