面向精梳任务的高速变胞机构冲击动力学研究  

Impact Dynamics of High-speed Metamorphic Mechanism for Comber

作　　者：畅博彦[1,2] 韩芳孝 周杨 金国光 CHANG Boyan;HAN Fangxiao;ZHOU Yang;JIN Guoguang(School of Mechanical Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Mechatronics Equipment Technology,Tianjin 300387)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学机械工程学院,天津300387 [2]天津市现代机电装备技术重点实验室,天津300387

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2024年第7期54-65,共12页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52005368,52175243);天津市高等学校创新团队培养计划(TD13-5037)资助项目。

摘　　要：精梳机是生产高品质纱线的关键装备,高速化是其发展趋势。精梳机的钳板机构是典型的力/位组合约束变胞机构,高速运行时产生的钳口冲击力对钳板开闭口定时和须丛梳理质量影响很大,是制约精梳机转速提升的关键因素,但目前对钳板机构的冲击动力学研究还很不够,对通过优化机构参数来降低钳口冲击力还缺乏一套系统的理论和方法。以力/位组合约束精梳机钳板机构为研究对象,基于机构学和多体系统动力学理论,对钳板机构的结构组成和工作构态进行分析,建立各子构态机构的运动学和动力学模型。基于接触碰撞理论描述钳板机构构态切换时上、下钳板的接触碰撞过程,建立钳口冲击力计算模型和计及冲击力作用的钳板运动规律求解模型,并与冲量方法相结合连同虚拟样机仿真验证所建模型的有效性。为了保证充分的钳板闭合时间以提高须丛梳理质量,研究不同机构设计参数对钳口回弹量和回弹时间的影响规律,为高效能精梳机转速的进一步提升提供理论依据。Comber is the key equipment to produce yarn with high quality and the development tendency of this kind of machine is high speed.Nipper mechanism in comber is a typical constrained metamorphic mechanism and jaw impact force generated at the time of configuration change has a negative effect on nipper opening-closing time and combed product property.Therefore,how to effectively reduce the impact force by optimizing the parameters of nipper mechanism has become an important and chief research topic which must be solved urgently.Firstly,the structure of Nipper mechanism with geometric and force constraints is analyzed and dynamics models of each sub-configuration are established by using Lagrange equations.Secondly,it is proposed to connect metamorphosis with topology and multi-body dynamics to reveal the principle of impact motion of metamorphic mechanism at the time of changing configuration.A contact force with hysteresis damping factor is introduced as an external force to analyze the impact process between nipper knife and nipper plate during configuration change.The result obtained is compared with impact impulse method and virtual simulation to verify the effectiveness of models established.Finally,according to the study of impact dynamic modeling and optimum design of nipper mechanism,important theoretical foundation will be provided for design of comber with high efficiency and low energy consumption.

关 键 词：变胞机构 钳板机构 构态切换 接触碰撞力 动力学 

分 类 号：TH112[机械工程—机械设计及理论]