‘秋月梨’采后生理特性与薄膜包装保鲜技术研究  

Study on Physiological Characteristics and Film Packaging Preservation Technology of Postharvest‘Akizuki’Pear

作　　者：冯云霄[1] 何近刚[1] 程玉豆[1] 李楠[1] 王金萧 陈存坤 关军锋[1] FENG Yunxiao;HE Jingang;CHENG Yudou;LI Nan;WANG Jinxiao;CHEN Cunkun;GUAN Junfeng(Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050051,China;Institute of Agricultural Products Preservation and Processing Technology,Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences(National Agricultural Products Preservation Engineering Technology Research Center(Tianjin)),Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Storage of Agricultural Products,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Storage of Agricultural Products,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院生物技术与食品科学研究所,河北石家庄050051 [2]天津市农业科学院农产品保鲜与加工技术研究所(国家农产品保鲜工程技术研究中心(天津)),农业农村部农产品贮藏保鲜重点实验室,天津市农产品采后生理与贮藏保鲜重点实验室,天津300384

出　　处：《保鲜与加工》2024年第6期1-8,共8页Storage and Process

基　　金：河北省科技厅重点研发计划项目(22327505D);国家梨产业技术体系项目(CARS-28-23);河北省农林科学院科技创新专项(2022KJCXZX-SSS-3)。

摘　　要：为探讨‘秋月梨’采后生理特性和保鲜技术,测定(20±1)℃常温下果实呼吸强度和乙烯释放速率,并设计了自发气调包装(MAP)、MAP与1-甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)结合(MAP+1-MCP)处理后于常温贮藏12 d,以及在逐步降温冷藏和直接冷藏两种降温方式下,开展MAP、MAP+1-MCP、MAP与乙烯吸收剂(EA)结合(MAP+EA)处理后,进行(0±0.5)℃低温贮藏210 d,继续常温货架7 d,定期测定指标。结果表明:常温贮藏期间,‘秋月梨’呼吸跃变高峰不明显,乙烯释放速率很低,在24 d时出现高峰,推测‘秋月梨’为非典型呼吸跃变型果实。常温贮藏试验表明,MAP和MAP+1-MCP处理均可有效延缓‘秋月梨’果实硬度下降,抑制可溶性固形物含量(SSC)升高。低温贮藏试验表明,与MAP单一处理相比,两种降温方式下,MAP+EA处理均可降低果实的裂皮指数,但对果实品质、腐烂率、果心褐变指数和果肉褐变率无显著影响;直接冷藏时,MAP+1-MCP处理可明显抑制冷藏期间果实裂皮,减少货架期间果实腐烂率,但逐步降温方式会增加冷藏和货架期果心褐变指数和冷藏期果肉褐变率。因此认为,‘秋月梨’长期冷藏时,应采用1-MCP处理后直接入库冷藏。In order to explore the postharvest physiological characteristics and preservation technology of‘Akizuki’pear,the fruit respiration intensity and ethylene release rates were measured at room temperature of(20±1)℃,and the modified atmosphere packaging(MAP)and the combination of MAP and 1-methylcyclopropylene(1-MCP)(MAP+1-MCP)were designed and stored at room temperature for 12 days,then two cooling methods including gradual and direct cooling storage were applied.After the treatments of MAP,MAP+1-MCP,and MAP combined with ethylene absorbent(MAP+EA),the fruits were stored at(0±0.5)℃for 210 d,and then stored at room temperature for 7 d,and the relevant indicators were measured regularly.The results showed that the respiration transition peak of‘Akizuk’pear was not obvious during storage at room temperature,and the ethylene release rates were very low and a peak appeared at 24 d,suggesting that‘Akizuki’pear was atypical climacteric fruit.The results of room temperature storage test showed that MAP and MAP+1-MCP could delay the decline of firmness and inhibit the increase of soluble solid contents(SSC)of‘Akizuki’pear.For low-temperature storage,compared with MAP alone treatment,MAP+EA treatment could reduce the split skin indices of fruit,but had no significant effect on fruit qualities,decay rates,browning indices of core and browning rates of pulp under two cooling methods.Under direct cold storage,MAP+1-MCP treatment significantly inhibited fruit skin splitting during cold storage and reduced fruit decay rates during shelf life.However,under the gradual cooling mode,the browning indices of fruit core and the browning rates of pulp during refrigeration period were increased.Therefore,it is suggested that the‘Akizuki’pear should be stored directly after 1-MCP treatment for long-term refrigeration.

关 键 词：‘秋月梨’ 自发气调包装 乙烯吸收剂 1-甲基环丙烯 品质 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]