宅基地使用权抵押问题的审视与厘正  

The Examination and Correction of the Mortgage Problem of the Right to Use Homestead

作　　者：张思茵 ZHANG Si-yin(College of Humanities and Law,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063210,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学人文法律学院,河北唐山063210

出　　处：《石河子大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第3期63-71,共9页Journal of Shihezi University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：河北省教育厅人文社会科学重点研究项目“宅基地三权分置实现机制研究”(SD2021015)。

摘　　要：抵押是实现用益物权收益权能的重要手段,允许宅基地使用权抵押符合宅基地“三权分置”改革中放活宅基地使用权的实践需求,也是城镇化进程中赋予农民更多财产权利的必要手段。结合我国各地宅基地使用权抵押试点的现实做法,我国应在房地一体及抵押登记的原则下设计科学可行的抵押规则。具体而言,应当基于确权登记确定适格的抵押人,将申请抵押前提限定在抵押财产外申请人仍有其他稳定居所;在宅基地使用权担保价值方面,应建立宅基地使用权价值评估平台,规范评估担保价值;考虑到宅基地资格权的身份限制及保障农民基本生活权益的需求,建议引用强制管理理念创新抵押权实现方式,同时逐步放宽抵押财产受让人范围,并通过设定赎回权为农户创设回复宅基地使用权的渠道。Mortgage is an important means of realizing the income function of usufructuary rights and allowing the mortgage of the right to use homestead to be in line with the practical demand for the activation of the right to use homestead in the reform of the“Three Rights Separation”of homestead,and is also a necessary means to give farmers more property rights in the process of urbanization.Combined with the reality of the pilot practice of mortgaging the right to use homestead in various parts of China,scientific and feasible mortgage rules should be designed under the principles of the integration of housing and land and mortgage registration.Specifically,eligible mortgagors should be determined on the basis of confirmatory registrations,and the preconditions of applications for mortgages should be limited to that the applicant has a stable residence other than the mortgaged property;With regard to the guarantee value of the right to use homestead,a platform for assessing the value of the right to use homestead should be established to standardize the assessment of the guarantee value;Taking into account the identity restrictions on the right to qualify for a homestead and the need to safeguard the basic rights and interests of farmers,it is recommended to invoke the concept of mandatory management to innovate the realization of the mortgage right,to gradually extend the scope of the assignee of the mortgaged property at the same time,and to create a channel for farmers to reply to the right of use of the homestead base through establishing the right of redemption.

关 键 词：宅基地使用权 三权分置 房地一体 抵押 

分 类 号：D923.2[政治法律—民商法学] D922.32[政治法律—法学]