2022年柳州市食源性疾病检测结果分析  

Analysis on food-borne disease detection results in Liuzhou city in 2022

作　　者：李艳飞[1] 蓝剑[1] 叶显芬 LI Yan-fei;LAN Jian;YE Xian-fen(Institute for Environmental and School Health Prevention and Control,Liuzhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangri 545007,China)

机构地区：[1]柳州市疾病预防控制中心环境与学校卫生防制所,广西545007

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2024年第3期180-183,共4页Preventive Medicine Tribune

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生健康委员会自筹经费科研课题(Z-B20221604)。

摘　　要：目的了解2022年柳州市食源性疾病监测病例的基本情况,分析食源性疾病流行病学特征,为预防和减少食源性疾病的发生提供科学依据。方法从国家食源性疾病监测报告系统中导出2022年柳州市食源性疾病监测病例,收集病例基本信息、主要症状与体征、饮食暴露史及生物样本信息等。收集柳州市6家主动监测医院的生物标本检测数据,对符合要求的病例进行新鲜粪便或肛拭子的采集,进行沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌、副溶血性弧菌、致泻大肠埃希氏菌和诺如病毒检测,分析食源性疾病监测病例的流行病学特征。结果2022年柳州市食源性疾病病例总数为3552例,其中男女占比分别为47.64%(1692/3552)、52.36%(1860/3552)。0~4岁年龄段患者发病数最多,占比23.00%(817/3552)。不同时间、不同地区发病人数不同,8月份占比最高,构成比12.11%(430/3552);城中区占比最高,占比21.37%(759/3552);农民的发病率最高,占比20.21%(718/3552)。水果类及其制品(包括果脯和蜜饯)在疑似暴露的食品种类中占比第一,为22.13%(786/3552)。不同的食品加工和包装方式中,散装(含简易包装)占首位,占比35.84%(1273/3552)。致病菌检出率为10.37%(98/945),诺如病毒检出率为2.89%(16/553),不同职业、不同季节致病菌检出率比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为29.435、40.996,P<0.01)。结论2022年柳州市食源性疾病发病高峰期为8月,高危人群为0~4岁儿童,可疑暴露食品主要以散装为主;生物标本检测主要检出的病原体为沙门氏菌和诺如病毒。Objective To understand the basic situation of food-borne disease surveillance cases in Liuzhou city in 2022,and analyse the epidemiological characteristics of food-borne diseases,so as to provide scientific basis for preventing and reducing the occurrence of food-borne diseases.Methods Food-borne disease surveillance cases in Liuzhou city in 2022 were derived from the Foodborne Diseases Surveillance Reporting System.Basic information on the case,main symptoms and signs,dietary exposure history,and biological sample information were collected.Biological specimen testing data were collected from 6 active surveillance hospitals in Liuzhou city,and fresh feces or anal swabs were collected from compliant cases for Salmonella,Shigella,Vibrio parahaemolyticus,diarrhea-causing Escherichia coli,and Norovirus testing,to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne disease surveillance cases.Results The total number of cases of food-borne diseases in Liuzhou in 2022 was 3552,of which 47.64%(1692/3552)were men and 52.36%(1860/3552)were women.The highest incidence occurred in the 0-4 age group,at 23.00%(817/3552).The number of cases varies from time to time and region to region,with the highest proportion of 12.11%(430/3552),occurring in August;The highest proportion(21.37%,759/3552)was in the central urban areas;Farmers had the highest incidence rate at 20.21%(718/3552).Fruits and their products,including preserved fruits and preserves,topped the list of suspected exposures at 22.13%(786/3552).Bulk(including simple packaging)topped the list of different food processing and packaging methods,accounting for 35.84%(1273/3552).The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria was 10.37%(98/945)and of norovirus was 2.89%(16/553),and differences in pathogen detection rate was statistically significant across occupations(χ^(2)=29.435,P<0.01)and seasons(χ^(2)=40.996,P<0.01).Conclusion The incidence of food-borne diseases in Liuzhou city peaked in August in 2022,and the high-risk people is children aged 0 to 4 years old,and su

关 键 词：食源性疾病 主动监测 病原体 腹泻 诺如病毒 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]