多元性与普遍性的弥合--章太炎以“齐物”解构“公理”的后果  

The Bridging of Diversity and Universality-Zhang Taiyan’s Replacement of“Axiom”with“Qiwu”

作　　者：何刚刚 He Ganggang

机构地区：[1]东北大学秦皇岛分校马克思主义学院

出　　处：《政治思想史》2024年第2期61-77,197,198,共19页Journal of the History of Political Thought

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“徐光启会通儒学及当代价值研究”(20CZX031)的阶段成果。

摘　　要：章太炎在与《新世纪》派论战的过程中,深感“公理”对于个体的压制。他从“公理”观念形成的认识论基础与话语霸权两方面对其进行了批判,并提出以“齐物”思想取代“公理”的观点。为了避免“齐物”观念同样面临从认识论层面被解构的风险,他将“齐物”的合法性建立在否定名相以体证“真如”的基础之上,然而这却致使其价值指向徘徊于多元性与普遍性之间。章太炎最终以当下历史情境中的“人民”弥合了二者之间的裂隙。因此,“齐物”思想的价值指向并非多元或者普遍,而是回归于“人民”这一历史主体之上。At the end of the Qing Dynasty,scholars transplanted the concept of“axiom”in natural science to the social field,and constructed a set of speech mode with“axiom”as the core.In the process of the debate with the New Century School,Zhang Taiyan deeply felt the oppression of“axiom”on the individual.He criticized the concept of“axiom”from its epistemological basis and discourse hegemony,and put forward the idea of“Qiwu”to replace“axiom”.In order to avoid the risk of being deconstructed on the epistemological level,he established the legitimacy of the concept of“Qiwu”on the basis of denying the name and phase to demonstrate the“truth”,but this led to its value orientation hovering between pluralism and universality.Zhang Taiyan finally bridged the gap between the two with the“people”in the current historical situation.Therefore,the value orientation of“Qiwu”thought is not pluralistic or universal,but returning to the historical subject of“people”.

关 键 词：章太炎 “齐物”思想 公理 多元性 普遍性 

分 类 号：D092[政治法律—政治学] B259.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]