2015—2020年广东省毒蕈中毒病例流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of toadstool poisoning in Guangdong Province from 2015 to 2020

作　　者：李世聪[1] 严维娜[1] 梁骏华[1] 卢玲玲[1] 闻剑[1] LI Shicong;YAN Weina;LIANG Junhua;LU Lingling;WEN Jian(Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangdong Guangzhou 511430,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省疾病预防控制中心,广东广州511430

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2024年第3期320-324,共5页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

摘　　要：目的分析2015—2020年广东省毒蕈中毒的流行病学特征,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法分析“食源性疾病病例监测报告系统”中2015—2020年广东省毒蕈中毒病例的流行病学特征,并利用ArcGIS 10.8软件进行空间分析。结果2015—2020年广东省共报告毒蕈中毒病例854例,年均发病率为0.32/10万;住院人数395例,住院率46.3%,无死亡病例。平均潜伏期为2.8 h,中位潜伏期为2.0 h,潜伏期最小值为0 h,最大值为32 h。男性病例448例,女性病例406例,男女比例为1.10∶1;职业人群中最多的是农民(34.19%,292/854),发病年龄段集中在31~59岁。2018年报告病例数最多,5~9月是发病高峰,韶关市是毒蕈中毒高发区。结论广东省毒蕈中毒发病存在空间聚集性,发病主要集中在粤北地区,应加强对农民的健康教育,加强毒蕈中毒防控的研究与科普宣传,以减少毒蕈中毒事件的发生。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of toadstool poisoning in Guangdong Province from 2015 to 2020 and provide guidance for prevention and control strategies.Methods Toadstool cases reported between 2015 and 2020 in Guangdong Province were extracted from the Foodborne Disease Case Surveillance and Reporting System,and their epidemiological characteristics were analyzed.ArcGIS 10.8 software was used for spatial analysis.Results A total of 854 cases of mushroom poisoning were reported in Guangdong Province from 2015 to 2020,with an average annual incidence of 0.32 cases per 100000 population.A total of 395 patients were hospitalized,with a hospitalization rate of 46.3%and mortality rate of 0%.The mean,median,minimum,and maximum incubation periods were 2.8 h,2.0 h,0 h,and 32 h,respectively.A total of 448 males and 406 females were identified,with a male-tofemale ratio of 1.10∶1.Most patients were farmers(34.19%,292/854),and the onset age ranged from 31-59 years old.The highest number of cases was reported in 2018,and the incidence peak was from May to September,with Shaoguan serving as the high incidence area.Spatial analysis revealed that from 2015 to 2020,the hotspots of toadstool poisoning in Guangdong Province were Shaoguan and Qingyuan.Conclusion The incidence of toadstool poisoning in Guangdong Province displays a spatial aggregation pattern and is mainly concentrated in the northern area of Guangdong Province.Effects should be made to educate farmers,establish strategies for preventing and controlling toadstool poisoning,and promote scientific understanding to reduce its occurrence.

关 键 词：毒蕈中毒 流行病学 广东省 食源性疾病 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]