GM稻米镰刀菌毒素安全性评估及内生真菌类群成因分析  

Safety Evaluation of Fusarium Toxin in GM Rice and Analysis of Endophytic Fungus

作　　者：赖泽萍 王婷 朱军莉[1] 赵艳[1] Lai Zeping;Wang Ting;Zhu Junli;Zhao Yan(School of food and Bioengineering,Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou 310018)

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学食品与生物工程学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2024年第5期46-53,共8页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：浙江省基础公益研究计划项目(LTGN23C200011);国家自然科学基金项目(31772100);浙江省“三农九方”科技协作计划项目(2022SNJF011)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在评估货架期转基因(Genetically Modified,GM)稻米镰刀菌毒素含量的安全性和内生真菌类群的多样性变异特征,探究内生镰刀菌产毒的可能成因。收集转基因水稻株系及各自的对照亲本品种,利用ELISA法检测稻米及其内生镰刀菌株毒素含量;采用ITS高通量测序技术检测稻米内生真菌群落。4个稻米样本中均检出了低剂量镰刀菌毒素,其中ZEN、DON和T-23种毒素的含量在0.4~25.8μg/kg之间,且GM稻米与亲本间均无显著差异(P>0.05);仅在GM稻米样本FT16中检出了含量为10.0μg/kg的FB 1。16株内生镰刀菌株均能产生ZEN,其中9株还能合成T-2毒素。4个稻米样本共检出9个内生真菌门和68个真菌属,其中优势真菌均为子囊菌门,镰刀菌属(Fusarium)和弯孢菌属(Curvularia)。2个GM稻米样本内生真菌α多样性指数均与其亲本无显著差异(P>0.05)。GM稻米属水平的内生真菌标志物种均比其相应亲本显著减少。货架期内的稻米样本检出的镰刀菌毒素含量远低于国家标准,不构成食品安全风险。GM稻米内生真菌类群多样性指数与其亲本实质等同,标志菌属变异处于安全范围内。低剂量镰刀毒素普遍存在和内生镰刀真菌产毒风险值得警惕。The aim of this research was to evaluate the safety of fusarium toxins from shelf-period Genetically Modified(GM)rice,analyze the diversity of endophytic fungi in rice,and explore the possible causes of fusarium toxins from GM rice.Transgenic rice lines and their control parent varieties were collected to detect the toxin content of rice and its endophytic Fusarium strain by ELISA.The endophytic fungal communities of rice were detected by ITS high-throughput sequencing technique.Low doses of fusarium toxins were detected in all 4 rice samples,and the contents of ZEN,DON and T-2 ranged from 0.4μg/kg to 25.8μg/kg,and there were no significant differences between GM rice and parents(P>0.05).Only 10.0μg/kg FB 1 was detected in GM rice sample FT16.All 16 endophytic sickle strains could produce ZEN,and 9 of them could also produce T-2 toxin.A total of 9 endophytic fungi phyla and 68 fungal genera were detected in 4 rice cultivars,in which the dominant fungi were Ascomycota,Fusarium and Curvularia.There was no significant difference in endophytic fungalαdiversity index between the two GM rice samples and their parents(P>0.05).The number of endophytic fungal marker species in GM rice was significantly lower than that in their respective parents.The content of fusarium toxin detected in rice samples from shelf period was much lower than the national standard,not posing food safety risk.The diversity index of endophytic fungi in GM rice was essentially the same as that of its parents,indicating that the variation of the genus was within the safe range.The prevalence of low doses of fusarium toxin and the presence of endophytic Fusarium fungi were more worthy of caution.

关 键 词：转基因水稻 ITS高通量测序 稻米内生真菌多样性 镰刀菌毒素 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]