《21世纪资本论》中的教育与社会平等关系问题探讨  

A Review on Education and Equality in Capital in the 21st Century

作　　者：何杨勇[1] 朱超云[1] HE Yangyong;ZHU Chaoyun(Higher Vocational Education Research Institute,ZheJiang Economic Trade Polytechecnic,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江经贸职业技术学院职业教育研究所,杭州310018

出　　处：《教育学报》2024年第3期82-93,共12页Journal of Educational Studies

基　　金：2022年度杭州市哲学社会科学规划课题“高职教育促进社会流动的现状和机理研究:基于在杭高职的实证分析”(Z22JC053)。

摘　　要：托马斯·皮凯蒂的《21世纪资本论》认为,资本的回报率高于经济的增长率是导致社会不平等的根源。教育对于降低收入不平等起着关键性的作用,但并非充分条件。教育促进收入平等需要有市场开放、经费充足和政府高效等外部条件。提升教育质量,重视职业培训,具备良好的教育政策,扩大教育民主,实现教育平等是教育促进收入平等的内在要求。皮凯蒂认为当前英美等发达国家教育并未很好地起到促进社会平等的作用。而批评者们认为皮凯蒂对社会不平等的分析过于简单,忽视教育商品化,存在以偏概全的方法论缺陷等。皮凯蒂观点的启示在于,教育不仅是经济不平等的承受者,也是不平等的改变者;教育不是技能不匹配的唯一根源;要重视教育改变社会不平等的内外制度建设;正确应对技术发展的两面性;要构建中国特色社会主义教育现代化体系。Thomas Piketty’s Capital in the 21st Century argues that the higher rate of return on capital than the economy’s growth rate is the key factor of inequality.Education plays a key role in reducing income inequality,but it is not a sufficient condition.Education to promote income equality requires external conditions such as open markets,adequate funding,and efficient government.Improving the quality of education,attaching importance to vocational training,having a good education policy,expanding educational democracy,and realizing educational equality are the inherent requirements for education to promote income equality.Critics argue that Piketty’s analysis of inequality is too simplistic,ignores the commodification of education,and suffers from methodological flaws such as substituting a few for all.The implication of Piketty’s view is that education is not only the bearer of economic inequality,but also the changer of inequality;Education is not the only reason of skills mismatch;It is necessary to attach importance to the construction of internal and external systems for education to change social inequality;Correctly respond to the two sides of technological development;Build socialist education modernization with Chinese characteristics.

关 键 词：《21世纪资本论》 知识技能扩散 教育平等 教育现代化 

分 类 号：G40-052[文化科学—教育学原理]