商业关联和政治关联对科技型中小企业成长的影响  

The Effects of Business Ties and Political Ties on the Growth of Technology-based SMEs

作　　者：张春阳[1] 丁堃[1] 张世玉 Zhang Chunyang;Ding Kun;Zhang Shiyu(Institute of Science of Science and S&T Management,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学科学学与科技管理研究所,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2024年第10期178-187,共10页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：中国工程院咨询研究紧急重大项目子课题“强化国家战略科技力量政策研究”(2021-JJZD-02-01);辽宁省软科学研究计划项目“辽宁省科技领军企业分类评价、认定标准及培育对策研究”(2023JH4/10600002);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“面向战略性新兴产业的涉外专利风险预警与防控研究”(DUT24RC(3)027)。

摘　　要：企业社会关联可能是影响科技型中小企业成长的一个关键因素。而已有关于商业关联、政治关联与企业成长之间关系的研究在对新创企业以外其他不同类型企业情境下的实证研究相对匮乏,也缺乏对环境动态性这一重要情景变量在企业网络关系与企业成长中的作用研究,此外考虑商业关联和政治关联之间的互动关系及其对企业成长影响的研究也不足。因此,以开放式创新理论与资源依赖观为基础,探讨商业关联和政治关联对科技型中小企业成长的影响机制,以及环境动态性在其中的调节效应。通过对282份来自中国科技型中小企业的有效调查问卷数据进行回归分析,结果显示:商业关联显著正向影响科技型中小企业成长,但不具有倒“U”型关系,认为主要原因是商业关联为科技型中小企业所带来的资源效益仍然高于建立与维系商业关联的投入成本和互惠陷阱;而政治关联对科技型中小企业成长产生倒“U”型影响,适度的政治关联有助于促进科技型中小企业成长,而当政治关联的强度超过一定临界值后,科技型中小企业的资源可能会更多地被投入到发展其他能力等方面,从而对企业成长产生消极作用;商业关联与政治关联的交互作用负向影响科技型中小企业成长;环境动态性负向调节商业关联对科技型中小企业成长的正向影响,即环境动态性越高,商业关联对科技型中小企业成长的促进作用越弱。为此,科技型中小企业必须谨慎使用政治关联,平衡商业关联与政治关联的强度,有效整合两种外部社会关联所带来的资源。Corporate social ties may serve as a critical factor in the growth of technology-based SMEs.However,existing research on the relationship between business association,political association,and business growth lacks of empirical research on different types of business situations other than start-ups,there is also a lack of research on the role of environmental dynamics variable in enterprise network relationship and enterprise growth,in addition,the interaction between business and political ties and their impact on corporate growth are not fully studied.To this end,based on the open innovation theory and resource dependence theory,this paper explores the impact mechanism of business and political ties on the growth of technology-based SMEs,as well as the moderating effect of environmental dynamism.The regression analysis results based on survey questionnaire data from 282 technology-based SMEs in China indicate that business ties have a significant positive impact on the growth of technology-based SMEs,without an inverted U-shaped relationship,it is believed that the main reason is that the resource benefit brought by business ties for SMEs is still higher than the input cost and reciprocity trap of establishing and maintaining business ties.While political ties have an inverted U-shaped impact on the growth of technology-based SMEs,moderate political ties help advance the growth of technology-based SMEs,however,if its strength exceeds a certain threshold,technology-based SMEs are inclined to invest more resources in other capabilities,thereby having a negative impact on firm growth.Besides,the interaction between business and political ties negatively affects the growth of technology-based SMEs.Final,environmental dynamism negatively moderates the positive relationship between business ties and the growth of technology-based SMEs.That is,the higher the environmental dynamism,the weaker the promoting effect of business ties on the growth of technology-based SMEs.Therefore,technology-based SMEs must be cautious in

关 键 词：企业成长 商业关联 政治关联 环境动态性 开放式创新 资源依赖 社会关联 科技型中小企业 

分 类 号：F272[经济管理—企业管理] F224.2[经济管理—国民经济] G301[文化科学]