两种植物生长调节剂对无核白鸡心葡萄果实品质的影响  

Effect of two plant growth regulators on the fruit quality of‘Centennial Seedless’grapes

作　　者：朱学慧 谢辉[1] 韩守安[1] 王敏 白世践 马云龙 王艳蒙 麦斯乐 潘明启[1] 张雯[1] ZHU Xuehui;XIE Hui;HAN Shouan;WANG Min;BAI Shijian;MA Yunlong;WANG Yanmeng;MAI Sile;PAN Mingqi;ZHANG Wen(Institute of Horticultural Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;College of Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Grape,Melon and Fruit Research Center,Turpan 838200,Xinjiang,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆农业大学园艺学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [3]葡萄瓜果研究中心,新疆吐鲁番838200 [4]新疆农业大学机电工程学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2024年第6期1309-1319,共11页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31960577);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-29-ZP-08);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划(2022B02045-2-2);新疆维吾尔自治区天山创新团队(2022D14014);青年科技人才项目(2022TSYCCX0068)。

摘　　要：为探究不同植物生长调节剂对葡萄果实品质与香气的影响,筛选提升果实品质、增加香气含量的最佳处理,以乌鲁木齐地区树龄9年的无核白鸡心葡萄为试验材料,设置赤霉素(GA_(3))(30、50、70 mg·L^(-1))加氯吡脲(CPPU)(0、1、2 mg·L^(-1))9个植物生长调节剂处理,于果实膨大期蘸施,以清水为对照,测定成熟期果实纵横径、粒重、可溶性固形物含量、维生素C(VC)含量、酚类物质含量和保护酶活性,并采用气相色谱质谱(GC-MS)法测定香气物质成分。结果表明,不同处理对提高果实品质效果显著(P<0.05),与对照相比,70 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)+1 mg·L^(-1)CPPU处理后果实纵径、果实横径、粒重、果形指数分别提高33.93%、10.06%、56.18%、19.02%,可溶性固形物含量提高5.79百分点,可滴定酸含量下降0.14百分点,固酸比提升69.44%。此外,GA_(3)和CPPU组合处理对果实中多酚、原花青素、黄烷醇等酚类物质含量的增加效果显著。果实中共检测出74种香气物质,其中玫瑰香型物质有β-大马士酮、香叶醇、月桂烯、香茅醇、α-松油醇、(+)-柠檬烯。与对照相比,50 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)+2 mg·L^(-1)CPPU处理后β-大马士酮含量提高47.00%,70 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)+2 mg·L^(-1)CPPU处理后香叶醇、月桂烯、香茅醇、α-松油醇含量分别提高16.67%、18.05%、50.65%、1043.46%,50 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)+1 mg·L^(-1)CPPU处理后(+)-柠檬烯含量是对照的6.57倍。综上可知,无核白鸡心葡萄经过70 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)+1 mg·L^(-1)CPPU处理后,能显著提高果实品质,经70 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)+2 mg·L^(-1)CPPU处理后香气物质含量显著提升。To investigate the impact of different plant growth regulators on the quality and aroma of grape fruits,and screen the optimal treatment that enhances fruit quality and increases aroma content.9-year-old‘Centennial Seedless’grapes from the Urumqi region were used as the experimental material.9 different plant growth regulator treatments,including gibberellin(GA_(3))(30,50,70 mg·L^(-1))combined with forchlorfeuron(CPPU)(0,1,2 mg·L^(-1))were applied during the fruit enlargemen period,with water as the control.The longitudinal and transverse diameters,grain weight,soluble solids content,vitamin C(V C)content,phenolic substances content,and protective enzyme substance activity of mature fruits were measured.Additionally,we used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)to analyze the aroma compounds.The results showed that the different treatments had significant effect on improving fruit quality.Compared to the control,the fruit quality indicators such as longitudinal and transverse diameters,grain weight,fruit shape index were significantly(P<0.05)improved after 70 mg·L^(-1) GA_(3)+1 mg·L^(-1) CPPU treatment,increasing by 33.93%,10.06%,56.18%,19.02%,respectively,and soluble solids content increased by 5.79 percentage points,titratable acid content decreased by 0.14 percentage points,and the sugar-acid ratio increased by 69.44%.Furthermore,the combined treatment of GA_(3) and CPPU significantly increased the content of phenolic substances such as polyphenols,anthocyanins,and flavonols in the fruits.A total of 74 aroma compounds were detected in the fruits.Among them,the rose-scented compounds,includingβ-damascenone,geraniol,myrcene,citronellol,α-terpineol and(+)-limonene,showed the greatest increase in content;Compared with the control,β-damascenone content increased by 47.00%after 50 mg·L^(-1) GA_(3)+2 mg·L^(-1) CPPU treatment,The contents of geraniol,myrcene,citronellol,α-terpineol were increased by 16.67%,18.05%,50.65%and 1043.46%,respectively,after 70 mg·L^(-1) GA_(3)+2 mg·L^(-1) CPPU treatment,

关 键 词：无核白鸡心葡萄 植物生长调节剂 果实品质 香气物质 

分 类 号：S663[农业科学—果树学]