多旋翼无人机噪声源跟踪定位系统研发及测试  

Development and Testing of Multi Rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Noise Source Tracking and Positioning System

作　　者：何敬玉[1] 刘吉铮 杨志晨 汪冬冬 欧平[1] HE Jingyu;LIU Jizheng;YANG Zhichen;WANG Dongdong;OU Ping(China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics,Beijing 100074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航天空气动力技术研究院,北京100074

出　　处：《现代防御技术》2024年第3期1-8,共8页Modern Defence Technology

摘　　要：多旋翼无人机在带来便利的同时,也越来越成为重要设施的威胁。针对低慢小多旋翼无人机的跟踪探测难题,开发了一种基于麦克风阵列声源定位的多旋翼无人机跟踪探测识别定位系统。该系统实时采集无人机噪声信号,进而采用基于小波变换的波束形成时频声源定位算法进行无人机噪声源定位,最后融合了麦克风阵列反演得到的多旋翼无人机位置和视频采集到的图像。经过在全消声室环境中对多旋翼无人机进行的大量测试表明:该定位系统能准确实时跟踪定位无人机的横向飞行和上下飞行;即使在摄像头盲区也能准确探测无人机位置,有效弥补了视频探测的不足;该系统的定位精度为92.2%,优于同类系统。Multi-rotor drones are increasingly becoming a threat to critical facilities while bringing convenience.This article focuses on the difficulty of tracking and detecting low slow small unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs),and develops a UAV tracking,detection,recognition,and positioning system based on microphone array sound source localization.The system acquires UAV noise signals in real time,and then uses a wavelet transform-based beamforming time-frequency sound source localization algorithm for UAV noise source localization,and finally integrates the position of the multi-rotor UAV obtained by inversion of the microphone array and the image captured by the video.Tests conducted in a fully anechoic room have shown that the positioning system can accurately track the lateral flight and up-and-down flight of drones,accurately detect the position of drones even in blind spots of cameras,and effectively compensate for video detection.And the positioning accuracy of the system is 92.2%,which is better than that of similar systems.

关 键 词：无人机 噪声 麦克风阵列 声源定位 波数形成 

分 类 号：V279[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] TB533[理学—物理] TJ0[理学—声学]