高职院校大学生返乡就业意愿的影响机制研究——工具理性与价值理性的双重视角  

Mechanism of Vocational College Students’ Intention to Return Hometown for Employment: Perspective of Instrumental Rationality and Value Rationality

作　　者：巨绍炜 蔡萌 JU Shaowei;CAI Meng(Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学人文社会科学学院,陕西西安710049 [2]西安交通大学实证社会科学研究所,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《中国高教研究》2024年第6期93-100,共8页China Higher Education Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“新形势下我国面临的主要就业风险及多维治理研究”(21&ZD181);中央农办农业农村部课题“完善人才下乡入乡政策保障机制研究”(202332);中国科学技术协会决策咨询研究课题“面向未来的‘大国工匠’青年群体状况调查”(2023ZKX02)的研究成果。

摘　　要：高职院校大学生返乡就业对乡村产业振兴、乡村人才队伍建设等具有重大意义。从工具理性与价值理性双重视角构建高职院校大学生返乡就业意愿影响机制的理论模型,基于2022年调查获取的29 529份全国性样本进行实证分析发现:乡土情结正向影响高职院校大学生的返乡就业意愿,城市融入感在其中发挥部分中介作用;家庭禀赋通过个体社会资本与人力资本的部分中介,负向影响高职院校大学生的返乡就业意愿;返乡政策感知正向调节乡土情结对高职院校大学生返乡就业意愿的影响。基于此,建议地方政府畅通返乡政策精准投递渠道,依托乡土情结纽带引导高职人才返乡;高职教育主管部门试点返乡就业的定向招生模式,指导面向乡村产业的专业动态调整;高职院校加大弱势阶层家庭学生就业帮扶,推进学生返乡下乡实践与城市求职关怀;高职院校大学生个人努力学习夯实个体资本基础,主动了解返乡政策厚植乡土情怀。The return of vocational college students to their hometown for employment is of great significance to realize the revitalization of rural talents and rural industries.This paper explains the mechanism of vocational college students’intention to return hometown for employment from the perspectives of instrumental rationality and value rationality.Through the empirical analysis of 29529 nationwide samples obtained in 2022,it was found that the rustic feeling positively affects their intention to return hometown for employment,and the sense of urban integration plays a part of mediating role;family endowment negatively affects their intention to return hometown for employment through the partial intermediary of individual social capital and human capital;the effect of returning policy perception positively moderates the influence of rustic feeling on their intention to return hometown for employment.In light of this,local governments should establish precise channels for disseminating returning policies,leveraging the ties of rustic feeling to facilitate the return of vocational talent;vocational education authorities pilot a targeted enrollment of returning hometown for employment,guiding the adaptation of disciplines relevant to rural industries;vocational colleges enhance job assistance for students from underprivileged backgrounds,advancing rural practice and urban job-seeking support;vocational college students endeavor to fortify their individual capital and actively acquaint themselves with returning policies to cultivate rustic feelings.

关 键 词：返乡就业意愿 高职院校大学生 个体资本 家庭禀赋 乡土情结 

分 类 号：G717.38[文化科学—职业技术教育学] F249.2[文化科学—教育学]