农村庭院模式下不同品种母牛的生长及效益分析  

Growth and benefit analysis of cow breeds under the mode of rural courtyards

作　　者：赖永雄 谭美凤 陈宏锐 吴惠停 张玉西 LAI Yongxiong;TAN Meifeng;CHEN Hongrui;WU Huiting;ZHANG Yuxi(Agricultural and Rural Service Center in Lingfeng Town,Babu District,Hezhou 542815,China;Agricultural and Rural Service Center in Qingtang Town,Zhongshan County,Hezhou 542603,China;Animal Husbandry Station in Babu District,Hezhou 542801,China)

机构地区：[1]广西贺州市八步区灵峰镇农业农村服务中心,广西贺州542815 [2]广西贺州市钟山县清塘镇农业农村服务中心,广西贺州542603 [3]广西贺州市八步区畜牧站,广西贺州542801

出　　处：《养殖与饲料》2024年第7期5-9,共5页Animals Breeding and Feed

基　　金：广西贺州市八步区杂交母牛(含水牛)扩群增量项目(桂农厅办函[2022]54号;桂农厅办函[2023]46号)。

摘　　要：[目的]为探讨农村庭院养牛模式下不同母牛品种的繁殖性能和经济效益。[方法]随机抽取广西贺州市八步区母牛繁殖场20个,分为4组,每组5个繁殖场。Ⅰ组为本地黄牛繁殖场,存栏能繁母牛65头;Ⅱ组为本地水牛繁殖场,存栏能繁母牛62头;Ⅲ组为杂一代良种黄牛繁殖场,存栏能繁母牛68头;Ⅳ组为杂一代良种水牛繁殖场,存栏能繁母牛60头。在饲养条件相似的情况下,观察不同品种母牛的发情情况、配种受胎率、产仔数及效益等。[结果]Ⅰ组的发情率、受胎率、产仔率分别为96.92%、86.15%、84.62%,犊牛断奶后7~120 d发情率为90.91%,产犊力为1的占比43.08%,产值为341.15万元,均明显高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组。[结论]本地黄牛发情症状明显,配种受胎率、产仔数和产犊力最理想,经济效益显著,是农村庭院养殖的良好品种,其次依次为杂一代良种黄牛、本地水牛和杂一代良种水牛。[Objectives]The reproduction performance and benefit analysis of cow breeds farmed in rural courtyards were studied.[Methods]20 farming sites for cows in Babu District in Hezhou City of Guangxi Province were randomly selected and divided into 4 groups,with 5 farming sites in each group.GroupⅠwas a farming site for local yellow cattle,with a capacity to breed 65 cows on hand.GroupⅡwas a farming site for local water buffalo,with a capacity to breed 62 cows on hand.GroupⅢwas a farming site for first hybrid yellow cattle,with a capacity to breed 68 cows on hand.GroupⅣwas a farming site for first hybrid water buffalo,with a capacity to breed 60 cows on hand.The estrus status,conception rate,litter rate,and benefits of different breeds of cows was recorded under similar conditions of feeding.[Results]The estrus rate,conception rate,and litter rate in GroupⅠwere 96.92%,86.15%,and 84.62%,respectively.The estrus rate of calves weaned 7-120 days after weaning was 90.91%,the proportion of GroupⅠwith calving power of 1 was 43.08%,and the total output value was 3.4115 million yuan,which were all higher than that of GroupⅡ,Ⅲ,andⅣ.[Conclusions]The local yellow cattle have obvious symptoms of estrus,with the most ideal conception rate,litter rate,and calving ability.They have significant economic benefits and are a good breed for farming in rural courtyards,followed by first hybrid elite yellow cattle,local water buffalo,and first hybrid elite water buffalo.

关 键 词：农村庭院 黄牛 水牛 杂交牛 繁殖性能 肉牛养殖 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]