穿越障壁之间--图像的四重凝视机制  

Passing through the Barriers--the Quadruple Gaze Mechanism of Images

作　　者：葛依婷 Ge Yiting

机构地区：[1]南开大学

出　　处：《媒介批评》2023年第2期281-299,共19页Media Criticism

摘　　要：从安德烈·巴赞“影像就是本身”到拉康“我所看到的却不是我想看的”,图像直面观者本身,以其凝视性直刺景框外的另一世界。凝视作为观者与图像之间的一种观看行为,介入了二者之间充满对抗性与异质性的动态过程。观者与图像之间颠倒莫测的主客体定位,提示着一种占据与反占据、抗争与服从、强力与软弱的对位机制。在图像与观者纠缠的视线闪回中,凝视着敞开与遮蔽之间的隐秘情境。本文从人对图像的想象凝视出发,阐明图像如何对观者进行幻觉性建构,然而,反刺凝视在此亦为观者提供了逃离图像连续性构制的断裂所在,暗示图像对人的凝视是一种能指性的空位,从而结构起二者在凝视这一视姿中的双向互动,最后在“元凝视”--对凝视的凝视这一多重场景中重回凝视问题本身。穿越障壁之间,观者在凝视之中,看到是自我与图像的叠加物。From AndréBazin s“the photographic image is the object itself”to Lacan s“what I look at is never what I wish to see”,the images face the viewers directly,piercing the other world outside the frame with their most gaze-like nature.As a viewing behavior between viewers and images,gaze intervenes in the dynamic process full of antagonism and heterogeneity between the two.The unpredictable subject-object positions between the viewers and the images suggest a counterpoint mechanism of occupation and counter-occupation,resistance and submission,strength and weakness.In the flashback of the entangled gaze between the images and the viewers,gaze structures the hidden situation between openness and obscuration.This article starts from people s gaze of the imaginary on images and explains how images construct illusions for viewers.However,the gaze of the contra-punctum here also provides viewers with a break in the continuity structure of the images,suggesting that the images gaze on people is a signifying vacancy,thus structuring that in the gaze gesture,two-way interaction between viewers and images.Finally,we return to the issue of gaze itself in the multiple scenes of“meta-gaze”—the gaze of gaze.Passing through the barriers,viewers see a imbrication of their selves and the images in gazing.

关 键 词：图像 凝视 想象凝视 反刺凝视 能指凝视 元凝视 

分 类 号：J0-02[艺术—艺术理论] G206[文化科学—传播学]