临床护士工作生活质量现状及潜在剖面分析  

Current situation of quality of work life of clinical nurses and latent profile analysis

作　　者：杨卫红[1] 李雪 王建玲[1] 贾冠华 Yang We ihong;Li Xue;Wang Jianling;Jia Guanhua(The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University,Weihui 453100,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]新乡医学院第一附属医院,河南卫辉453100

出　　处：《临床心身疾病杂志》2024年第4期142-147,共6页Journal of Clinical Psychosomatic Diseases

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划项目(编号LHGJ20230495);河南省医学教育研究项目(编号Wjlx2021347);河南省医学教育研究项目(编号Wjlx2022094)。

摘　　要：目的 了解临床护士工作生活质量现状,并对其影响因素进行潜在剖面分析。方法 对便利抽样法抽取的1 438名临床护士采用一般资料调查表、护士工作相关生活质量量表(WRQoL)、临床护士额外任务负荷问卷(ETLS)及心理授权量表(PES)进行调查分析。对护士工作生活质量进行潜在剖面分析,并通过单因素与多因素分析对护士工作生活质量进行差异性检验。结果研究共回收有效问卷1 227份。临床护士工作生活质量可分为3个潜在类别:工作生活低质量组(58.19%)、工作生活中等质量组(25.35%)、工作生活高质量组(16.46%)。单因素分析显示,3组护士在文化程度、职务、是否承担教育护士岗位职责、每月夜班频次、参与心理减压培训情况、ETLS评分及PES评分方面比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或0.01)。多因素分析显示,职务、承担教育护士岗位职责、参与心理减压培训情况、心理授权、额外任务负荷是护士工作生活质量分类的影响因素。结论 临床护士工作生活质量分类特征明显,医院管理者可以根据影响因素对不同类别特征的临床护士进行有针对性的心理干预,以提高护士的工作生活质量水平。Objective To investigate the current situation of quality of work life(QWL)of clinical nurses and conduct analyze the latent profile analyses(LPA)of influencing factors.Methods Questionnaire surveys were performed in 1438 clinical nurses selected according to convenience sampling method using general data questionnaire,Nurses'Work-related Quality of Life Scale(WRQoL),Extra Task Load Scale(ETLS),and Psychological Empowerment Scale(PES).The LPAs of nurses'QWL were performed and the difference of the nurses'QWL was tested using single factor and multiple-factor analysis.Results A total of 1227 valid questionnaires were collected.The QWL of clinical nurses could be divided into low(58.19%),moderate(25.35%),high(16.46%)QWL group.Single factor analysis showed that differences in educational levels,duties,whether to undertake the responsibilities of teaching nurses,frequencies of night shift,participation in psychological stress reduction training,and score on the ETLS and PES among 3 groups were statistically significant(P<0.05 or 0.01).Multiple-factor analysis showed that duty,undertaking the responsibilities of teaching nurses,participation in psychological stress reduction training,psychological empowerment and extra task load were the factors influencing the classification of nurses'QWL.Conclusion Classified characteristics of the QWL in clinical nurses are obvious,to them targeted psychological intervention should be given according to influencing factors to improve their QWL level.

关 键 词：护士 工作生活质量 额外任务负荷 心理授权 护理管理 心理健康 

分 类 号：R192.6[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R395[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]