优化蒸汽爆破条件辅助提取荷叶离褶伞多糖及其理化性质研究  

Optimization of steam explosion conditions for assisting extraction of Lyophyllum decastes polysaccharides and physicochemical properties of the polysaccharides extracted

作　　者：罗羽 沈秀霖 张劲松[2] 冯杰[2] 刘利平 郭庆彬 刘艳芳[2] LUO Yu;SHEN Xiulin;ZHANG Jingsong;FENG Jie;LIU Liping;GUO Qingbin;LIU Yanfang(College of Food Science and Engineering,Tianjin University of Science and Technology,Tianjin 300457,China;Institute of Edible Fungi,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Edible Fungal Resources and Utilization(South),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.China,National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding of Shanghai,Shanghai 201403,China)

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学食品科学与工程学院,天津300457 [2]上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所、农业农村部南方食用菌资源利用重点实验室、国家食用菌工程技术研究中心、上海市农业遗传育种重点实验室,上海201403

出　　处：《菌物学报》2024年第6期115-128,共14页Mycosystema

基　　金：上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目(X2021-02-08-00-12-F00797);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-20);上海市农业科学院卓越团队建设计划(G2022003)。

摘　　要：以荷叶离褶伞子实体为试验原料,采用蒸汽爆破辅助热水提取荷叶离褶伞多糖。综合考虑粗多糖得率、多糖含量及多糖提取率,在单因素试验基础上,采用响应面法优化蒸汽爆破处理工艺,得到最佳条件为压力2.0 MPa,维压时间90 s,物料大小3 mm。在此条件下,荷叶离褶伞粗多糖得率为(20.09±0.20)%,是对照组(未蒸汽爆破处理)的2.05倍,多糖含量为(62.96±0.48)%,是对照组的1.70倍,多糖提取率为(12.65±0.15)%,是对照组的3.49倍。此外,对蒸汽爆破处理前后的多糖进行了理化性质对比,发现处理后β-葡聚糖含量是对照组的2.28倍。红外光谱表明蒸汽爆破处理后仍具有多糖典型吸收峰,但处理前后分子量分布特征差异较大,且经过蒸汽爆破处理所得多糖的单糖组成中葡萄糖占比增加,这与其β-葡聚糖含量升高相一致。免疫活性比较结果显示经过蒸汽爆破处理后富集β-葡聚糖的荷叶离褶伞多糖活性显著优于对照组荷叶离褶伞子实体多糖。Steam explosion was used to assist hot water extraction of Lyophyllum decastes polysaccharides.Considering the yield of the crude polysaccharide,total sugar content and polysaccharide extraction rate,the conditions of steam explosion process was optimized by using response surface method on the basis of one-way test.The optimum conditions obtained were 2.0 MPa of pressure,90 s of pressure maintenance and 3 mm of material size.Under optimized conditions,the yield of the crude polysaccharide,the total sugar content and the extraction rate were 2.05,1.70 and 3.49 times higher than that of the untreated control group.The content ofβ-glucan was 2.28 times higher than that of the control.The infrared spectra showed that the typical absorption peaks of polysaccharides still existed after the steam explosion treatment,but the molecular weight distribution characteristics differed greatly before and after the treatment,and the proportion of glucose in the monosaccharide composition of the polysaccharides obtained by the steam explosion treatment was increased,being consistent with the elevation of theβ-glucan content.Cell culture test indicated that the immunomodulatory effect of polysaccharides obtained after steam explosion treatment were significantly improved as compared with that of polysaccharides of untreated control,possible due to the higher percentage ofβ-glucan in the treating samples.

关 键 词：蒸汽爆破 荷叶离褶伞多糖 响应面优化 理化性质 免疫活性 

分 类 号：TS201.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]