理解的循环与重德:孔子知人与知言观的特征  

The Cycle of Understanding and the Reinforcement of Virtue:Characteristics of Confucius'View of Knowing People and Knowing Words

作　　者：郑义成 Zheng Yicheng

机构地区：[1]湖北大学哲学学院

出　　处：《理论界》2024年第6期23-29,共7页Theory Horizon

摘　　要：孔子“知人”关注对人的“德”的理解,“知言”强调理解人的言语的是非得失。而知人与知言互为前提,相互作用,构成了一个理解的循环。同时,为了应对人的“德”与“言”可能存在的脱节风险,观行发挥着检验和连接知人与知言的重要作用,德行成为理解的循环运动的归宿。孔子知人与知言观呈现出两大特征:其一,孔子以理解的循环模式,深化了“如何理解人”的时代课题;其二,孔子理解观紧密围绕“德”这一中心而展开,始终强调审察人的品德的重要性。Confucius'"knowing people"focuses on understanding the"virtue"of individuals,while"knowing words"emphasizes the understanding of the rights and wrongs of people's words.Knowing people and knowing words are preconditions for each other and interact with each other,constituting a cycle of understanding.Additionally,in order to address the risk of potential disconnection between one's"virtue"and one's"speech",the concept of"observing behavior"plays an important role in testing and connecting knowledge about individuals and their speech.Virtue becomes the destination of the circular movement of understanding.Confucius'view of knowing people and knowing words presents two main features:first,Confucius deepened the contemporary issue of"how to understand people"with the cyclical mode of understanding;second,his view closely revolves around virtue as its core element and consistently highlights the importance of examining an individual's character.

关 键 词：知人 知言 观行 德 理解的循环 

分 类 号：B222.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]