远虑解近忧——儿童青少年的未来时间洞察及其影响  

A Distant Thought Relieves a Near Sorrow—The Development of Children and Adolescents’Future Time Perspective and Its Effect Mechanism

作　　者：邓之君 朱小爽 张和颐 DENG Zhijun;ZHU Xiaoshuang;ZHANG Heyi(School of Child Development and Education,China Women’s University,Beijing 100101;College of Teacher Education,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048;Faculty of Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875)

机构地区：[1]中华女子学院儿童发展与教育学院,北京100101 [2]首都师范大学教师教育学院,北京100048 [3]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875

出　　处：《心理发展与教育》2024年第4期601-608,共8页Psychological Development and Education

基　　金：全国教育科学规划教育部青年项目(EBA220551);中华女子学院青年教师科研创新专项重大项目(2022QN0105);中华女子学院校级科研课题(KY2019-0325)。

摘　　要：远虑,即对未来的时间洞察,使我们能够调整自己的行为,以适应尚未发生的情况,这和个体社会化过程有着紧密的联系,是影响儿童青少年发展的重要因素。本研究描述了儿童青少年未来时间洞察的发展情况,具体探讨了其对学业成就、行为倾向、个人幸福感等的影响,从认知、行为、情感多方面解释了早期发展中的“远虑解近忧”的机制与价值。本研究将为了解儿童青少年时期未来时间洞察发展的重要性提供丰富的证据,未来研究中全时程、多领域、多视角的探究也将进一步扩展未来时间洞察研究和实践干预的深远意义。Distant thought,which means future time perspective,is a fundamental ability of human development and is crucial for the development of cognitive function.Children’s understanding of future time is closely related to their socialization process,which strongly affects children’s overall development.The ability to think about future events,allowing children to adapt their behavior to situations that have not yet occurred,which is key to both short-term and long-term planning.This review summarized the developmental characteristics of children’s future time perspective,and the relationship between future time perspective and other abilities,including academic achievement,career decision-making,and well-being.We systematically explored its relationship with cognition,behavior,emotion,etc.,and explained the mechanism and value of“a distant thought relieves a near sorrow”.This study will improve our understanding of children’s future time perspective,and shed light on how to cultivate children's future time awareness in educational practice.

关 键 词：儿童青少年 未来时间洞察 学业成就 行为倾向 幸福感 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]