干燥和提取方式对栀子花成分及抑菌活性的影响  

Effects of Drying and Extraction Methods on Components and Activities of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis Flower

作　　者：胡钰 傅纤雯 阙珊奇 骆小凡 张小龙 陈圆圆 张有做[1,2] 倪勤学 HU Yu;FU Qianwen;QUE Shanqi;LUO Xiaofan;ZHANG Xiaolong;CHEN Yuanyuan;ZHANG Youzuo;NI Qinxue(College of Food and Health,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China;Zhejiang Jiaozhi Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 311300,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学食品与健康学院,浙江杭州311300 [2]浙江骄栀科技有限公司,浙江杭州311300

出　　处：《食品科技》2024年第5期200-207,共8页Food Science and Technology

基　　金：浙江省大学生科技活动计划暨新苗人才计划项目(2022R412A036)。

摘　　要：为探究不同干燥和提取方式对山栀子花品质和活性的影响,以新鲜山栀子花为原料,采用不同干燥方式(鼓风干燥、自然风干、微波干燥联合滚筒杀青、红外辐射干燥联合滚筒杀青、真空冷冻干燥)进行干燥处理,再采用7种提取方式(水蒸气蒸馏、石油醚提取、正己烷提取、醇提、水提、超临界CO_(2)萃取、亚临界丁烷萃取)对最佳干燥方式的栀子干花进行提取。通过测定它们的有效成分含量、抗氧化能力和抑菌活性,分析得到保留有效成分最多和活性最强的干燥和提取方式。结果表明,阴干是保留栀子鲜花中最多有效成分和活性的干燥方式,其总黄酮、总酚和总环烯醚萜含量分别达到(83.15±6.02)、(340.84±19.37)mg/g和(332.37±10.63)μg/g,对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈直径达到(17.43±1.86)mm,显著高于其他干燥方式;乙醇提取物保留了较多的总有效成分含量,其总黄酮、总酚和总环烯醚萜分别达到了(109.28±1.67)、(355.74±30.11)mg/g和(256.68±21.74)μg/g,同时乙醇提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和副溶血性弧菌的抑菌圈直径分别达到了(13.30±2.04)mm和(11.36±1.21)mm,且具有广谱抑菌性。综合评价结果,阴干和乙醇提取法分别是保留有效成分和活性最优的干燥和提取方式。研究结果为探索适合不同用途的栀子花加工方法提供了理论依据。In order to explore the effects of different drying and extraction methods on the quality and activity of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis flower.In this experiment,fresh Gardenia jasminoides Ellis flower was used as raw material and dried by different drying methods (forced air drying,natural air drying,microwave drying combined with drum killing,infrared radiation drying combined with drum killing,vacuum freeze-drying).Then seven extraction methods (steam distillation,petroleum ether extraction,n-hexane extraction,alcohol extraction,water extraction,supercritical CO_(2) extraction,subcritical butane extraction) were used to extract drying flowers by the best drying method.The drying and extraction methods with the most active ingredients and the most activity were obtained by measuring their active ingredient content,antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity.The results showed that shade drying was the most effective method to retain the active components and activities of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis flower.The contents of total flavone,total phenol and total iridoid were (83.15±6.02),(340.84±19.37)mg/g and (332.37±10.63)μg/g,respectively.The diameter of inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus was (17.43±1.86)mm,which was significantly higher than that of other drying methods.The ethanol extract retained more total active component content.The total flavonoids,total phenols and total iridoid were (109.28±1.67)mg/g,(355.74±30.11)mg/g and (256.68±21.74)μg/g.At the same time,the inhibitory zone diameter of ethanol extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio parahemolyticus reached (13.30±2.04)mm and (11.36±1.21)mm,which had broad spectrum inhibitory activity.According to the comprehensive evaluation results,shade drying and ethanol extraction methods are the best drying and extraction methods to retain the active ingredients and activities.The results of this study provided a theoretical basis for finding suitable processing methods of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis flower for different purposes.

关 键 词：栀子花 干燥方式 提取方式 抑菌活性 

分 类 号：TS201.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]