“共享均利”抑或“垄断套利”:基于平台经济中劳动关系的再研究  

"Shared Profit Equalisation"or"Monopoly Arbitrage":A Re-examination of Labour Relations in the Platform Economy

作　　者：苏建宁 冯喜良[1] 詹婧[1] Su Jian-ning;Feng Xi-liang;Zhan Jing

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学劳动经济学院

出　　处：《经济学家》2024年第7期99-108,共10页Economist

摘　　要：随着平台经济垄断化趋向愈加明显,平台经济中的劳动关系呈现出多元性、复杂性与隐蔽性等特征,特别是随着消费者等新主体的加入,平台经济中的劳动关系形成了多边、多行为主体的交互博弈格局。诸多理论与实践表明,平台企业、劳动者与消费者三个行为主体的交互博弈过程并非是“共享均利”的和谐共生状态,反而是在平台企业的垄断操控下演变成了平台企业单方的“垄断套利”非均衡状态,集中表现为平台企业与劳动者之间的“隐蔽操控—弱势从属”,消费者与劳动者之间的“协同监控—被动服务”,以及平台企业与消费者之间的“精准套利—粘性依存”等特征。本文认为,应从国家规制、工会维权以及舆论引导等多个方面协同发力,多措并举推动平台劳动关系回归至“共享均利”状态,促进各行为主体间和谐共生、协同共赢,才是今后平台经济反垄断的治理方向。As the monopolistic development of the platform economy becomes more obvious,the labour relation in the platform economy has also presented characteristics such as plurality,complexity and hiddenness,especially with the entry of new subjects such as consumers,the labour relation in the platform economy has formed a multilateral and multi-actor interactive game pattern.Many theories and practices show that the interactive game process among platform enterprises,workers and consumers is not a harmonious symbiosis of"shared profit equalisation",but rather a"monopoly arbitrage"under the monopoly manipulation of platform enterprises instead,which the game has showed the“Covert Manipulation-Vulnerable Subordination”between platform enterprises and labours,"Collaborative Monitoring-Passive Service"between consumers and labours,and"Precise Arbitrage-Sticky Dependence"between platform enterprises and consumers.This paper proposes that concerted efforts should be made from various aspects,such as national regulation,labor union rights protection and public opinion guidance,to promote the return of platform labor relations to the state of"sharing equal benefits",and to promote the harmonious coexistence and win-win cooperation among all actors,which is the direction of the future governance of platform economic anti-monopoly.

关 键 词：平台经济 劳动关系 共享均利 垄断套利 主体互动 

分 类 号：F246[经济管理—劳动经济]