地铁曲线地段钢弹簧浮置板轨道钢轨波磨成因及控制方法  

Formation Mechanism and Control Methods of Rail Corrugation in Metro Curved Section of Steel Spring Floating Slab Track

作　　者：黄河山 王伟华 姚宇飞 汤雪扬 王俊龙 HUANG Heshan;WANG Weihua;YAO Yufei;TANG Xueyang;WANG Junlong(South China Branch,China Railway Design Corporation,Shenzhen 518052,China;School of Civil Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁路设计集团有限公司华南分公司,深圳518052 [2]北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《铁道标准设计》2024年第7期33-39,共7页Railway Standard Design

基　　金：中国铁路设计集团有限公司科技开发课题(2022BHN103)。

摘　　要：随着地铁列车行驶速度与行车密度不断提高,越来越多的线路出现了钢轨波磨现象,引起了严重的环境振动噪声问题。为研究曲线地段钢弹簧浮置板轨道钢轨波磨的成因,对某地铁线路钢轨波磨情况以及轨道动力响应进行了现场测试,建立曲线地段轮对-钢弹簧浮置板轨道系统有限元模型,探究轮轨间摩擦系数、扣件刚度以及隔振器垂向刚度对钢轨波磨的抑制作用。结果表明,钢弹簧浮置板曲线地段波磨波长为30~50 mm,列车通过该波磨区间时会引起416~694 Hz的振动;轮轨系统位于曲线地段时的不稳定振动主要发生在内轮与内轨之间,导致内轨产生更为严重的钢轨波磨,412.56 Hz的不稳定振动是引起钢弹簧浮置板地段产生钢轨波磨的重要原因;随着曲线半径减小,钢轨波磨产生的可能性增大,特别是列车通过半径小于600 m的曲线时,轮轨间摩擦自激振动十分容易发生;降低轮轨间摩擦系数、增大扣件刚度与隔振器垂向刚度均可有效降低轮轨系统发生自激振动的趋势,从而抑制钢轨波磨的产生与发展;考虑轨道结构减振的需求以及负阻尼比的增长幅度,应优先选择增大扣件刚度的措施来抑制钢轨波磨的产生与发展。With the increasing speed and density of subway trains,rail corrugation appears in more and more lines,which causes serious environmental vibration and noise problems.To study the formation mechanism of rail corrugation occurring on steel spring floating slab track,rail corrugation and track dynamic response are tested on site.The finite element model of wheelset-steel spring floating slab track system in the curve section is established.The inhibition effect of friction coefficient,fastener stiffness and isolator vertical stiffness on rail corrugation is explored.The results show that the wavelength of rail corrugation is 30~50 mm in the section of steel spring floating plate.The train causes 416~694 Hz vibration when passing through the rail corrugation section.The unstable vibration of the wheel-rail system in the curve section mainly occurs on the inner wheel and the inner rail,which leads to more serious rail corrugation of the inner rail.The unstable vibration of 412.56 Hz is an important cause of rail corrugation in steel spring floating slab track section.With the decrease of curve radius,the possibility of rail corrugation increases.Especially when the train passes the curve with radius less than 600m,the friction self-excited vibration between wheel and rail is likely to occur.Reducing the friction coefficient between wheel and rail,increasing the fastener stiffness and the vertical stiffness of the vibration isolator can effectively reduce the self-excited vibration.These measures can effectively inhibit the generation and development of rail corrugation.

关 键 词：地铁 钢弹簧浮置板 钢轨波磨 摩擦自激振动 控制方法 

分 类 号：U213.42[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U231