大体模式教学法在住院医师皮肤病理培训中的运用  

Application of the general pattern teaching for resident training in dermatopathology

作　　者：刘宏杰[1] 王俊霖 杨霄 黄巧 薛斯亮[1] 文翔[1] 蒋献[1] LIU Hongjie;WANG Junlin;YANG Xiao;HUANG Qiao;XUE Siliang;WEN Xiang;JIANG Xian(West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China;Guizhou Province Cosmetic Plastic Surgery Hospital,Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi 563000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院,四川成都610041 [2]贵州省美容整形外科医院,遵义医科大学附属医院,贵州遵义563000

出　　处：《皮肤性病诊疗学杂志》2024年第6期413-421,共9页Journal of Diagnosis and Therapy on Dermato-venereology

摘　　要：皮肤病理培训是皮肤性病科住院医师规范化培训的重要项目之一,阅片教学是病理培训的核心环节。在此环节中大体模式教学法的运用可以提高教学质量。此教学法强调首先用肉眼和低倍镜阅片,根据图像的轮廓和色彩对比来推断取材部位和疾病的诊断。能通过大体模式判断的疾病可分为表皮改变、真皮内团块样增生、真皮内条带样改变、脂肪层改变、独特外形和血管增生病变6大类。部分大类又划分出不同亚组,共计18种常见病理大体模式,涵盖53种常见皮肤病,其中26种为规培教学大纲要求掌握的疾病。大体模式教学法兼具知识性和趣味性,寓教于乐,能够调动住院医师学习皮肤病理的积极性,提升学习体验,在实践中收到良好的教学效果。Dermatopathology training is a crucial aspect of the education and training of residents in dermatology and venereology,while interpretation of pathological sections is essential for this training.We employ the general pattern teaching method to enhance teaching quality,focusing on initial observation of sections with the naked eye and low-power lens to deduce biopsy sites and diagnose diseases based on image outline and color contrast.Diseases which can be diagnosed by general pattern analysis can be categorized into six groups:changes in the epidermis,mass-like hyperplasia and band-like changes in the dermis,changes in the fat layer,unique shape,and vascular proliferation.Some of these major categories can be further divided into subgroups.There are a total 18 common pathological patterns,including 53 prevalent skin diseases,26 of which are required to be mastered according to the training guideline.The general pattern teaching method in combination with informative content and an engaging approach can effectively stimulate residents′enthusiasm for learning skin pathology and enhance their educational experience,leading to the improvement of outcome of dermatopathology training programs for residents in dermatology and venereology.

关 键 词：皮肤病理 住院医师 大体模式 运用 

分 类 号：R-4[医药卫生] C975[经济管理—劳动经济]